Mechlorethamine, vincristine, melphalan and prednisone (MOMP) for the treatment of relapsed lymphoma in dogs

Abstract

Eighty-eight dogs with relapsed lymphoma were treated with the MOMP (mechlorethamine, vincristine, melphalan and prednisone) protocol on a 28-day treatment cycle. The overall response rate (ORR) to the MOMP protocol was 51.1% for a median of 56 days (range 7-858 days). Twelve percent of dogs experienced a complete response for a median of 81 days (range 42-274 days) and 38.6% experienced a partial response for a median of 49 days (range 7-858 days). Dogs with T-cell lymphoma had an ORR of 55% for a median of 60 days (range 49-858 days) while those with B-cell lymphoma had an ORR of 57% for a median of 81 days (range 7-274 days) (P = 0.783). The overall survival time for all dogs was 183 days (range 17-974 days). Fifty-four percent of dogs experienced toxicity with the majority classified as grade I. The MOMP protocol seems well-tolerated and is an option for dogs with relapsed lymphoma.

Vinblastine as a second rescue for the treatment of canine multicentric lymphoma in 39 cases (2005 to 2014)

“…Avoiding chemotherapy‐associated toxicity is another challenge in dogs with twice‐relapsed or refractory lymphoma due to a combination of limited drug choices, presence of advanced stage disease and chronic myelosuppression from previous protocols. In this study, the frequency and severity of haematologic toxicities were similar to those reported in primary rescue protocols (Van Vechten et al ; Rassnick et al ; Alvarez et al ; Saba et al ; Fahey et al ; Back et al ). Dogs that required a reduced dose intensity due to haematologic toxicity did not appear to have reduced response to the VBL protocol, as the PFS (28.5 days) and MST (33 days) were not statistically different than that of dogs that did not require reduction (29.5 days and 47.5 days respectively, P=0.171).…”

“…Numerous rescue protocols for dogs with relapsed or refractory lymphoma have been reported, including MOPP (mustargen, vincristine, procarbazine and prednisone) (Rassnick et al 2002 ), DMAC (dexamethasone, melphalan, actinomycin D and cyctosine arabinoside) (Alvarez et al 2006 ), MOMP (mechlorethamine, vincristine, melphalan and prednisone) (Back et al 2015 ), LOPP (lomustine, vincristine, procarbazine and prednisone) (Fahey et al 2011 ), ADIC (doxorubicin and dacarbazine) (Van Vechten et al 1990 ), single-agent DTIC (dacarbazine) (Griessmayr et al 2009 ) and CCNU (lomustine) +/− L-asparaginase (Moore et al 1999 ;Saba et al 2009 ) among many more. Secondary response rates, defined as the percentage of dogs achieving a complete or partial remission, vary from 35 to 77%.…”

Derivation of a Unique Body Surface Area (Bsa) Formula for Calculation of Relatively Safe Doses of Dog and Human Anticancer Drugs

“…Therefore, application of the new formula may be preferred for this dog. However, obtaining of lower doses of vincristine (0.6 mg/m [7]. When doxorubicin doses were calculated using BSA rather than body weight, drug concentrations and toxicoses were greater in smaller dogs [1] [29] carboplatin (300 mg/m 2 ) for osteosarcoma [30], dacarbazine and (200 mg/m 2 ) for canine hemangiosarcoma [31] corroborate the present calculated therapeutic values for cyclophosphamide, carboplatin and dacarbazine, respectively.…”

Rabacfosadine for relapsed canine B‐cell lymphoma: Efficacy and adverse event profiles of 2 different doses

“…A multitude of single cytotoxic agents and combinations of agents have been investigated as rescue treatments for relapsed and refractory canine lymphoma, with response rates ranging from 0% to 87%; however, attempts to make direct comparisons of RAB to these historical studies are of minimal value given the non‐concurrent nature of serial investigations. With that being said, RAB's unique mechanism of action, substantial response rate and duration of response lends credence to its utility as a rescue agent.…”