Mechanosynthesis of the hybrid perovskite CH₃NH₃PbI₃: characterization and the corresponding solar cell efficiency

Abstract

adWe present a facile mechanochemical route for the preparation of hybrid CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) perovskite particles with the size of several hundred nanometers for high-efficiency thin-film photovoltaics. Powder X-ray diffraction measurements demonstrates that mechanosynthesis is a suitable strategy to produce highly crystalline CH3NH3PbI3 material showing no detectable amounts of the starting CH3NH3I and PbI2 reagents. Thermal stability measurements based on thermogravimetric analysis data of mechanosynthesized perovskite particles, indicated that the as-grounded MAPbI3 are stable up to 300°C with no detectable material loss at lower temperatures. Optical properties of newly synthesized perovskite particles were characterized by applying steady state absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy, which confirmed a direct band band-gap of 1.48eV. Time resolved single photon counting measurements revealed that 70% of charges undergo recombination with a 61 ns lifetime. The solar cell devices made from mechanosynthesized perovskite particles achieved a power conversion efficiency of 9.1% when applying a one step deposition method.

Phase Segregation in Cs-, Rb- and K-Doped Mixed-Cation (MA)x(FA)1–xPbI3 Hybrid Perovskites from Solid-State NMR

“…27,29 However, so far it has been unclear whether their microscopic structure corresponds to that of thin films prepared by solution processing. In order to address this, we prepared a mechanochemical bulk sample of CsMAFA(Br,I) and compared it with a spin-coated CsMAFA(Br,I) thin film.…”

“…27,29 The thin film of CsMAFA was prepared according to the procedure described previously, except an uncoated glass substrate was used instead of FTO-coated glass. 16 Samples were packed into 3.2 mm rotors under inert dry nitrogen atmosphere.…”

Reduction in the Interfacial Trap Density of Mechanochemically Synthesized MAPbI3

“…MAPbI 3 (m) was prepared by neat grinding of MAI and PbI 2 according to the previously reported procedure. 28 The stock solution of MAPbI 3 (m) particles was prepared by dissolving them in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) by vigorous stirring at 60°C.…”

A new potential for methylammonium lead iodide

“…Even though the corner sharing octahedral motif is fundamental to the perovskite structure, and to the band gap itself, very little effort has been focused on understanding how the signature perovskite cage of the materials forms, given that the perovskite can be synthesised by simply grinding together the two constituent precursor materials 46,47 . This means that PbI 2 , a layered material consisting of planes of edge sharing PbI 6 octahedra, readily incorporates MA ions, and changes from an edge-sharing configuration to a corner-sharing structure.…”