Mechanistic insights into the adsorption of methylene blue by particulate durian peel waste in water

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) over particulate durian peel waste, which is chemically-activated with hydrogen peroxide. The equilibrium data is well-described by the Freundlich isotherm model, which outlines where the MB adsorption takes place predominantly on multilayers and heterogeneous surfaces of the biosorbent. The Freundlich adsorption constants, KF and n, are 11.06 L/g and 2.94, respectively. Thermodynamic data suggests that the MB adsorption occurs spontaneously and exothermically. The enthalpy and entropy for the MB adsorption are obtained as 10.26 kJ/mol and 0.058 kJ/mol K, respectively, in the temperature range of 303–323 K. Based on the stepwise desorption method, the adsorption of MB is dominated by physical interactions, particularly hydrogen bonding.

Sunlight Photocatalytic Performance of ZnO Nanoparticles Synthesized by Green Chemistry Using Different Botanical Extracts and Zinc Acetate as a Precursor

“…It has been reported that, depending on the composition of the botanical extract used, a high affinity between the functional groups of the extracts and dye molecules can occur [ 44 ]. Further, surfaces modified with functional groups have been tested and it has been demonstrated how the interaction with methylene blue is improved, and therefore, the adsorption is increased [ 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ].…”

“…dye molecules can occur [44]. Further, surfaces modified with functional groups have been tested and it has been demonstrated how the interaction with methylene blue is improved, and therefore, the adsorption is increased [45][46][47][48].…”

“…It has been reported that, depending on the composition of the botanical extract used, a high affinity between the functional groups of the extracts and dye molecules can occur [44]. Further, surfaces modified with functional groups have been tested and it has been demonstrated how the interaction with methylene blue is improved, and therefore, the adsorption is increased [45][46][47][48]. The findings reported in this work indicate that it is possible to design a catalyst material that presents high interaction-adsorption with the pollutant-depending on the chemical characteristics of the pollutant and the functional groups of the extracts to be used-in such a way that MB degradation can be favored.…”

Experimental Design, Equilibrium Modeling and Kinetic Studies on the Adsorption of Methylene Blue by Adsorbent: Activated Carbon from Durian Shell Waste

“…The precursor used for activated carbon production is plant biomass activated carbon (activated carbon lignocellulose) which is a complex carbohydrate polymer with main components including cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose. Lignocellulosic activated carbon can be found in agricultural and industrial waste such as duckweed [ 2 ], potato stalks and leaves [ 3 ], bamboo plants [ 4 ], mango leaves [ 5 ], tea residues [ 6 , 7 , 8 ], rice husk [ 9 , 10 ], sawdust [ 11 ], durian seeds and peel [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ], neem leaves [ 19 ], moringa leaves and seeds [ 20 , 21 ], mangosteen peel [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ], chitosan [ 26 ], pear fruit seeds [ 27 ] and acorn shells [ 28 ]. The activated carbon made from agricultural food waste has high economic efficiency in wastewater treatment due to abundant raw materials and low cost.…”

“…The shell is a residue that accounted for 70–85% of the durian fruit weight. In durian shells, there are three basic components: cellulose (30.92%); hemicellulose (17.99%) and lignin (7.69%) [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Therefore, the durian shell is a precursor for manufacturing and investigating the adsorption of metal ions [ 14 ] and dyes [ 12 , 14 , 15 , 18 ] in an aquatic environment.…”