Synthesis of materials from agricultural wastes combined with Fe₃O₄ for methylene blue adsorption and application to treat organic pollutants in water samples

Abstract

This study presents the adsorption process of methylene blue and other organic pigments in water samples using synthetic materials derived from agricultural waste combined with Fe3O4. The properties of the materials were determined through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and nitrogen adsorption‐desorption isotherm. The result shows the successful association of Fe3O4 on materials prepared from agriculture with a surface area = 3.594 m2 g−1 and a pore size of 49.713 nm. The optimal factors of methylene blue removal process, such as pH, mass, initial concentration, time, and shaking speed, were also investigated, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity of the material is 268.64 mg g−1, with an adsorption efficiency of 98.84%. The research method was applied to analyze and evaluate the materials' adsorption capacity in the southern provinces of Vietnam water samples.