Mechanistic insights into 2,4-D photoelectrocatalytic removal from water with TiO2 nanotubes under dark and solar light irradiation

Effect of Potential and Chlorides on Photoelectrochemical Removal of Diethyl Phthalate from Water

“…An analogous behavior was observed in our previous work, where the photo-electrocatalytic degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid was investigated: higher efficiency and slower kinetics of degradation were detected in the ohmic region of the polarization curve with respect to those in the saturation region [30].…”

“…In our case, after 1 h at 400 • C, a unique anatase phase was present [33]. The morphological characterization of TiO 2 -NT was presented in [30]: the average diameter of tubes ranged between 40-50 nm, while the tube length of around 700 nm was measured.…”

“…A typical trend is observed, with an onset potential of −0.25 V, followed by an ohmic behavior of the system, in which the positive influence of the potential is strictly connected to the increase in the space charge depletion region of the semiconductor; in the central range of potential (0.7-1.8 V) the saturation of the current is reached, in which increase of the potential is no more effective in terms of a corresponding increasing of the current. In the final range, at potentials higher than the value of band gap of the semiconductor, the barrier breakdown effect could be responsible for the sharp rising in the photocurrent along with the dark current contribution [30].…”

“…TiO 2 nanotube electrode (TiO 2 -NT) used for the photoelectrochemical degradation of DEP was prepared by electrochemical anodization as reported in our previous work [30]. Briefly, Ti foils (0.25 mm thickness, 99.7% metal basis, Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) were cut in circular disks of 5 cm diameter.…”

Photoelectrocatalytic conversion of biomethane and biogas to hydrogen over a nanostructured Ti/ TiO 2 semiconductor

“…The electrons are transferred to the counter electrode, where they participate in reduction reactions, while the holes move to the semiconductor/electrolyte interface, where they perform oxidation. 20 Among the semiconductor materials available, TiO 2 is still widely used in photoelectrocatalytic processes, [24][25][26][27] due to advantages such as its high availability, nontoxicity, low cost, photostability, and, most importantly, adequate band gap energy levels for action as both an oxidant and a reductant. 28 Various TiO 2 nanostructures have been studied, such as nanopores, 29 nanowires, 30,31 nanorods, 32 and nanotubes.…”