Mechanisms of scale inhibition derived from a fluorescent-tagged antiscalant visualization

Oshchepkov, Maxim; Popov, Konstantin

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-822896-8.00024-8

Cited by 6 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Thus, the threshold inhibition seems to become the predominant effect, responsible for inhibition on the whole. However, our latest studies, summarized in [ 47 ], reveal that scale formation in the bulk aqueous phase has a heterogeneous rather than a homogeneous nature. Recent publications on gypsum bulk crystallization indicate the crucial role of natural nanoimpurities with a particle size < 200 nm (nanodust) in solid phase formation kinetics [ 32 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the number of nanodust particles with a particle size under 100 nm is higher by at least one order of magnitude [ 51 ]. The application of fluorescent-tagged antiscalants has shown that the spontaneous bulk nucleation of gypsum in supersaturated aqueous solutions takes place exactly on the surface of such particles serving as crystallization centers [ 33 , 47 ]. Herewith, the major role of the antiscalant is to block the surfaces of these nanoimpurities rather than the surface of the gypsum nuclei.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Herewith, the major role of the antiscalant is to block the surfaces of these nanoimpurities rather than the surface of the gypsum nuclei. The most paradoxical effect was detected for HEDP-F in both static [ 33 , 47 ] and RO [ 32 , 39 ] experiments. In both cases, HEDP-F formed a separate phase [Ca-HEDP-F], while gypsum crystals grew in a parallel way without any traces of antiscalant on their surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application and Visualization of Fluorescent-Tagged Antiscalants in Electrodialysis Processing of Aqueous Solutions Prone to Gypsum Scale Deposition

et al. 2022

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Membrane scaling is a serious problem in electrodialysis. A widely used technique for controlling scale deposition in water treatment technologies is the application of antiscalants (AS). The present study reports on gypsum scale inhibition in electrodialysis cell by the two novel ASs: fluorescent-tagged bisphosphonate 1-hydroxy-7-(6-methoxy-1,3-dioxo-1Hbenzo[de]isoquinolin-2(3H)-yl)heptane-1,1-diyl-bis(phosphonic acid), HEDP-F and fluorescein-tagged polyacrylate, PAA-F2 (molecular mass 4000 Da) monitored by chronopotentiometry and fluorescent microscopy. It was found that cation-exchange membrane MK-40 scaling is sufficiently reduced by both ASs, used in 10−6 mol·dm−3 concentrations. PAA-F2 at these concentrations was found to be more efficient than HEDP-F. At the same time, PAA-F2 reveals gypsum crystals’ habit modification, while HEDP-F does not noticeably affect the crystal form of the deposit. The strong auto-luminescence of MK-40 hampers visualization of both PAA-F2 and HEDP-F on the membrane surface. Nevertheless, PAA-F2 is proved to localize partly on the surface of gypsum crystals as a molecular adsorption layer, and to change their crystal habit. Crystal surface coverage by PAA-F2 appears to be nonuniform. Alternatively, HEDP-F localizes on the surface of a deposit tentatively in the form of [Ca-HEDP-F]. The proposed mechanisms of action are formulated and discussed. The application of antiscalants in electrodialysis for membrane scaling mitigation is demonstrated to be very promising.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application and Visualization of Fluorescent-Tagged Antiscalants in Electrodialysis Processing of Aqueous Solutions Prone to Gypsum Scale Deposition

et al. 2022

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“…Hoang [53,54] has provided a comprehensive review of mechanisms of scale formation and inhibition. Oshchepkov and Popov [55] pointed out the drawbacks of these conventional inhibition mechanisms and proposed an alternative view that a scale inhibitor inhibits the scale formation by blocking the surface of "nanodust" particles rather than the generally assumed interference with the formation of homogeneous clusters. The mechanisms of how inhibitors inhibit scale formation have been studied for many years.…”

Section: Scale Inhibitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2.1.4. Nanoimpurities' Role in Scale Formation/Inhibition More recently, a non-conventional inhibition mechanism in which scales are inhibited by heterogeneous formation on a "nanodust" particle surface, instead of ion pairs or clusters formed via homogeneous nucleation, was investigated [55]. Several fluorescent-tagged scale inhibitors were synthesized, which were able to provide visualization of the functionality of scale inhibitors during the formation of gypsum and some other scales [77][78][79].…”

Section: Dispersionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Phosphorus-Based Polymers for Mineral Scale and Corrosion Control in Oilfield

Liu

Zhang

2022

Polymers

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Production chemistry is an important field in the petroleum industry to study the physicochemical changes in the production system and associated impact on production fluid flow from reservoir to topsides facilities. Mineral scale deposition and metal corrosion are among the top three water-related production chemistry threats in the petroleum industry, particularly for offshore deepwater and shale operations. Mineral scale deposition is mainly driven by local supersaturation due to operational condition change and/or mixing of incompatible waters. Corrosion, in contrast, is an electrochemical oxidation–reduction process with local cathodic and anodic reactions taking place on metal surfaces. Both mineral scaling and metal corrosion can lead to severe operational risk and financial loss. The most common engineering solution for oilfield scale and corrosion control is to deploy chemical inhibitors, including scale inhibitors and corrosion inhibitors. In the past few decades, various chemical inhibitors have been prepared and applied for scaling and corrosion control. Phosphorus-based polymers are an important class of chemical inhibitors commonly adopted in oilfield operations. Due to the versatile molecular structures of these chemicals, phosphorus-based polymeric inhibitors have the advantage of a higher calcium tolerance, a higher thermal stability, and a wider pH tolerance range compared with other types of inhibitors. However, there are limited review articles to cover these polymeric chemicals for oilfield scale and corrosion control. To address this gap, this review article systematically reviews the synthesis, laboratory testing, and field applications of various phosphorus-based polymeric inhibitors in the oil and gas industry. Future research directions in terms of optimizing inhibitor design are also discussed. The objective is to keep the readers abreast of the latest development in the synthesis and application of these materials and to bridge chemistry knowledge with oilfield scale and corrosion control practice.

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Fluorescent‐tagged Antiscalants: A New Look at the Scale Inhibition Mechanism and Antiscalant Selection

et al. 2021

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Solid deposits onto equipment surfaces represent a serious problem all over the world. Mitigation of this process is provided by chemical inhibitors. However, irrespective of successful antiscalant application, the mechanisms of scale inhibition are still not very clear. Thus, the present review summarizes recent advances in novel fluorescent‐tagged antiscalants (polyacarboxylates, phosphonates) application for scale inhibition mechanisms study. Some paradoxical effects, detected during gypsum and barite scale formation visualization are described and interpreted within the “nanodust” concept. It is demonstrated, that the solid nanoimpurities, naturally occurring in both industrial and deionized water samples, are definitely playing a key role in any crystal nucleation process. Such nanoimpurities are responsible for the bulk heterogeneous nucleation in a supersaturated salt solution. Scale inhibitor molecules block and isolate exactly these “nanodust” nucleation centers and therefore retards crystallization process on the whole. The advantages of fluorescent antiscalants to provide a new look at scale inhibition phenomenon and inhibition mechanisms are discussed. Among these, there is a possibility to distinguish particular scale inhibitors in their blends, and an opportunity to track an antiscalant location along the process of scale formation and deposition. Besides, a need of antiscalants testament procedure unification is considered, and a possible role of fluorescent reagents in such a procedure elaboration is indicated.

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Mechanisms of scale inhibition derived from a fluorescent-tagged antiscalant visualization

Cited by 6 publications

References 58 publications

Application and Visualization of Fluorescent-Tagged Antiscalants in Electrodialysis Processing of Aqueous Solutions Prone to Gypsum Scale Deposition

Application and Visualization of Fluorescent-Tagged Antiscalants in Electrodialysis Processing of Aqueous Solutions Prone to Gypsum Scale Deposition

Review of Phosphorus-Based Polymers for Mineral Scale and Corrosion Control in Oilfield

Fluorescent‐tagged Antiscalants: A New Look at the Scale Inhibition Mechanism and Antiscalant Selection

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