2016
DOI: 10.1039/c5md00344j
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Mechanisms of resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics: overview and perspectives

Abstract: Aminoglycoside (AG) antibiotics are used to treat many Gram-negative and some Gram-positive infections and, importantly, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Among various bacterial species, resistance to AGs arises through a variety of intrinsic and acquired mechanisms. The bacterial cell wall serves as a natural barrier for small molecules such as AGs and may be further fortified via acquired mutations. Efflux pumps work to expel AGs from bacterial cells, and modifications here too may cause further resistance … Show more

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Cited by 381 publications
(293 citation statements)
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References 245 publications
(284 reference statements)
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“…Initially, nonproducer frequency increases fastest at intermediate antibiotic concentrations and increases slowest at high antibiotic concentrations. However, under the reasonable assumption that the antibiotic effect decreases over time [which could occur, for example, due to drug degradation (55) or bacterial adaptation (56)], the model predicts that the rate of change will accelerate in the latter case, as we indeed observed in our experiments.…”
Section: Theoretical Frameworksupporting
confidence: 67%
“…Initially, nonproducer frequency increases fastest at intermediate antibiotic concentrations and increases slowest at high antibiotic concentrations. However, under the reasonable assumption that the antibiotic effect decreases over time [which could occur, for example, due to drug degradation (55) or bacterial adaptation (56)], the model predicts that the rate of change will accelerate in the latter case, as we indeed observed in our experiments.…”
Section: Theoretical Frameworksupporting
confidence: 67%
“…The aminoglycoside antibiotics (AGAs) are particularly attractive in this light as both their mechanism of antibacterial action and the common causes of resistance to them are well-understood. 69 Advantages of the AGAs as parents for optimization include their broad spectrum of activity, their non-allergenic character, and their lack of effect on the host intestinal microbiome. 9 In addition, AGAs have physicochemical properties consistent with suggested guidelines for the development of new antibacterial compounds, 10 and following decades of use in the clinic, their PK, PD and ADME properties are well-understood and largely predictable.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Therefore, there is a need to develop simple and rapid methods of analysing aminoglycoside antibiotics in order to provide novel methods for TDM, which could essentially enable the more widespread use of these extremely effective antibiotics. Given their low resistance rates in comparison to other classes of antibiotics, 7, 9 the clinical importance of aminoglycosides is being reassessed and the use of novel assays and instrumentation is one way in which these antibiotics could be widely reintroduced into the healthcare system while maintaining patient safety.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%