Mechanisms of resistance of Mediterranean annual communities to invasion by <i>Conyza bonariensis</i>: effects of native functional composition

Prieur‐Richard, Anne‐Hélène; Lavorel, Sandra; Santos, A. dos; Grigulis, Karl

doi:10.1034/j.1600-0706.2002.990215.x

Cited by 43 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Invasion of natural systems may be influenced by biotic factors such as propagule pressure, nonnative species traits, and resilience of the native community. Establishment of invasive species may be enhanced by such small-scale factors as light availability (Foster et al 2002;PrieurRichard et al 2002;Milbau et al 2003), soil disturbance (Foster et al 2002), and soil nitrogen availability (Prieur-Richard et al 2002;Brewer and Cralle 2003;Brooks 2003). At larger scales, invasion can be enhanced by the very structure of the landscape through large-scale effects on dispersal mechanisms, including habitat fragmentation or provision of dispersal corridors .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Relative Importance of Wetland type Versus Anthropogenic Activities in Determining Site Invasibility

et al. 2006

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We assessed wetland invasibility by conducting surveys of three wetlands in each of five categories (riverine, depression, lacustrine fringe, mineral flat, and seepage slope). Invasibility was measured as the number of invasive species present, percent of plant species classified as invasive, percent cover of invasive plants, and percent of total cover represented by invasive species. The working hypothesis for this study was that certain types of wetlands (e.g., lacustrine fringe and riverine) would be more prone to invasion than others (spring-seep/slope wetlands or mineral flat wetlands). No significant differences were found among wetland types in any of the invasion metrics evaluated, despite high average invasibility in the riverine and lacustrine fringe categories. However, invasion was correlated very strongly with a qualitative index of anthropogenic modification to the surrounding landscape. A probable result of the substantial influence of human activities on wetland invasion in this study was that effects potentially attributable to greater opportunity for dispersal in certain types of wetlands were obscured. Another factor that likely contributed to the lack of differences among wetland types was the high variability in human activities observed among wetlands within types. These results further highlight the overwhelming contributions of anthropogenic habitat modification and human-assisted dispersal of invasive species to the currently observed homogenization of natural ecosystems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Relative Importance of Wetland type Versus Anthropogenic Activities in Determining Site Invasibility

et al. 2006

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“…Despite the fact that their relative cover did not exceed 3.0 % and 17.6 % at the dry and wet locations, respectively, they represented a highly relevant functional feature of drylands, usually characterized by soil N shortage (Sprent & Gehlot 2010). Furthermore, dry-lands are highly susceptible to land degradation and desertification (Reynolds et al 2007). These processes most likely depend on a critical threshold beyond which drastic alterations occur, preceded by more subtle functional changes in communities (Reynolds et al 2007, Scheffer et al 2001.…”

Section: Evenness and Quantification Of Less Abundant Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, dry-lands are highly susceptible to land degradation and desertification (Reynolds et al 2007). These processes most likely depend on a critical threshold beyond which drastic alterations occur, preceded by more subtle functional changes in communities (Reynolds et al 2007, Scheffer et al 2001. It is therefore important to monitor such changes, as they represent early-warning indicators and allow a timely adoption of counteracting prevention activities.…”

Section: Evenness and Quantification Of Less Abundant Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there is no consensus on the best field method for functional diversity assessment. Biomass (Prieur-Richard et al 2002), frequency (De Bello et al 2005), and most commonly cover (Frenette-Dussault et al 2012, Lavorel et al 2008 Semi-arid areas are particularly susceptible to the loss of biodiversity as a consequence of global change. Species functional traits are key drivers of functioning and resilience of ecosystems, thus monitoring of functional trait diversity is urgently needed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to global change, they are highly vulnerable to losses of biodiversity, which underpins many critical ecosystem services (Reynolds et al 2007). The more dramatic effects on these ecosystems are often preceded by subtle changes in relative species' abundance and/or in the dominance of specific functional traits (Chapin et al 2000, Scheffer et al 2001.…”

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Advantages of the point-intercept method for assessing functional diversity in semi-arid areas

Nunes¹,

Tapia²,

Pinho³

et al. 2015

iForest

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© iForest -Biogeosciences and Forestry IntroductionSemi-arid ecosystems are characterized by water scarcity and often by low soil productivity. Due to global change, they are highly vulnerable to losses of biodiversity, which underpins many critical ecosystem services (Reynolds et al. 2007). The more dramatic effects on these ecosystems are often preceded by subtle changes in relative species' abundance and/or in the dominance of specific functional traits (Chapin et al. 2000, Scheffer et al. 2001. Even in less abundant functional groups (e.g., nitrogen-fixers), the loss of critical traits that ensure ecosystem functioning and resilience may have important consequences (Grime 1998, Walker et al. 1999. The detection of such changes may be a hint of significant ecosystem transitions.Species richness has traditionally been used to assess an ecosystem's response to environmental factors, and has been related to ecosystem multi-functionality (Maestre et al. 2012a). These relationships are largely modulated by other community attributes, such as species evenness and functional identity and divergence, which often respond more rapidly to environmental constraints than richness, and may have a strong impact on ecosystem processes (Chapin et al. 2000, Mouillot et al. 2011, Maestre et al. 2012b. Functional diversity, defined as the value, range, and relative abundance of the functional traits of biological communities in a given ecosystem, was shown to be a better and more universal predictor of ecosystem vulnerability than species diversity, which does not reflect the uneven role played by species in the maintenance of ecosystem processes (Tilman et al. 1997, Díaz et al. 2007). Functional diversity is usually assessed by the use of several metrics (e.g., communityweighted mean and functional richness, evenness, and divergence). Recent investigations have demonstrated the better predictive ability of indexes that consider species abundances rather than richness alone (Schleuter et al. 2010, Mouillot et al. 2011. However, there is no consensus on the best field method for functional diversity assessment. Biomass (Prieur-Richard et al. 2002), frequency (De Bello et al. 2005), and most commonly cover (Frenette-Dussault et al. 2012, Lavorel et al. 2008 Semi-arid areas are particularly susceptible to the loss of biodiversity as a consequence of global change. Species functional traits are key drivers of functioning and resilience of ecosystems, thus monitoring of functional trait diversity is urgently needed. The assessment of functional diversity requires the quantification of species and/or their traits in the field, though there is no consensus on the best plant-sampling method to be used. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of the point-intercept (PT) method with two area-based approaches, the modified-Whittaker (MW) and Dengler (DE) methods, to assess functional diversity in semi-arid areas. The herbaceous community of a savanna-like Mediterranean woodland was surveyed at the two extremes of a regional...

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Ecological application of biotic resistance to control the invasion of an invasive plant, Ageratina altissima

Byun

Lee

2017

Ecology and Evolution

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Biotic resistance is the ability of species in a community to limit the invasion of other species. However, biotic resistance is not widely used to control invasive plants. Experimental, functional, and modeling approaches were combined to investigate the processes of invasion by Ageratina altissima (white snakeroot), a model invasive species in South Korea. We hypothesized that (1) functional group identity would be a good predictor of biotic resistance to A. altissima, whereas a species identity effect would be redundant within a functional group, and (2) mixtures of species would be more resistant to invasion than monocultures. We classified 37 species of native plants into three functional groups based on seven functional traits. The classification of functional groups was based primarily on differences in life longevity and woodiness. A competition experiment was conducted based on an additive competition design with A. altissima and monocultures or mixtures of resident plants. As an indicator of biotic resistance, we calculated a relative competition index (RCI avg) based on the average performance of A. altissima in a competition treatment compared with that of the control where only seeds of A. altissima were sown. To further explain the effect of diversity, we tested several diversity–interaction models. In monoculture treatments, RCI avg of resident plants was significantly different among functional groups but not within each functional group. Fast‐growing annuals (FG1) had the highest RCI avg, suggesting priority effects (niche pre‐emption). RCI avg of resident plants was significantly greater in a mixture than in a monoculture. According to the diversity–interaction models, species interaction patterns in mixtures were best described by interactions between functional groups, which implied niche partitioning. Functional group identity and diversity of resident plant communities were good indicators of biotic resistance to invasion by introduced A. altissima, with the underlying mechanisms likely niche pre‐emption and niche partitioning. This method has most potential in assisted restoration contexts, where there is a desire to reintroduce natives or boost their population size due to some previous level of degradation.

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Mechanisms of resistance of Mediterranean annual communities to invasion by Conyza bonariensis: effects of native functional composition

Cited by 43 publications

References 35 publications

Relative Importance of Wetland type Versus Anthropogenic Activities in Determining Site Invasibility

Relative Importance of Wetland type Versus Anthropogenic Activities in Determining Site Invasibility

Advantages of the point-intercept method for assessing functional diversity in semi-arid areas

Ecological application of biotic resistance to control the invasion of an invasive plant, Ageratina altissima

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