Mechanisms of light‐induced liposome permeabilization

Miranda, Dyego; Lovell, Jonathan F.

doi:10.1002/btm2.10032

Cited by 81 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…The most commonly used phospholipids for liposome formation include lecithins from egg and soy, as well as sphingomyelins [38]. Common variations to the phospholipid hydrophobic acyl (fatty acid) tail include the degree of saturation (i.e., saturated vs. unsaturated) and length, which can impact the oxidizing properties and drug release profiles of liposomes [39]. For example, Luo et al showed that photodynamic therapy-mediated oxidation of unsaturated lipids (i.e., 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, or DOPC, 18:1 PC) in the liposomal bilayer could facilitate the controlled release of doxorubicin.…”

Section: Toxicological Evaluation Of Liposomes and Their Building Blocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological and Toxicological Considerations for the Design of Liposomes

et al. 2020

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Liposomes hold great potential as gene and drug delivery vehicles due to their biocompatibility and modular properties, coupled with the major advantage of attenuating the risk of systemic toxicity from the encapsulated therapeutic agent. Decades of research have been dedicated to studying and optimizing liposomal formulations for a variety of medical applications, ranging from cancer therapeutics to analgesics. Some effort has also been made to elucidate the toxicities and immune responses that these drug formulations may elicit. Notably, intravenously injected liposomes can interact with plasma proteins, leading to opsonization, thereby altering the healthy cells they come into contact with during circulation and removal. Additionally, due to the pharmacokinetics of liposomes in circulation, drugs can end up sequestered in organs of the mononuclear phagocyte system, affecting liver and spleen function. Importantly, liposomal agents can also stimulate or suppress the immune system depending on their physiochemical properties, such as size, lipid composition, pegylation, and surface charge. Despite the surge in the clinical use of liposomal agents since 1995, there are still several drawbacks that limit their range of applications. This review presents a focused analysis of these limitations, with an emphasis on toxicity to healthy tissues and unfavorable immune responses, to shed light on key considerations that should be factored into the design and clinical use of liposomal formulations.

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Section: Toxicological Evaluation Of Liposomes and Their Building Blocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological and Toxicological Considerations for the Design of Liposomes

et al. 2020

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“…Cationic and unsaturated 1,2‐dioleoyl‐3‐trimethylammonium‐propane (DOTAP, 8 mol%) was introduced to the lipid composition to provide a neutral‐to‐positive zeta potential of +10–12 mV to balance toxicity, circulation and tumor accumulation as described previously . The incorporation of unsaturated lipids such as DOTAP could also accelerate light‐triggered drug release via liposomal lipid oxidation as shown by others . In our study, photosensitizers (BPD or PpIX) were adsorbed in the liposomal lipid bilayer via hydrophobic and ionic interactions, resulting in an entrapment efficiency of 76.4 ± 1.2% and 44.9 ± 0.7% for Nal‐BPD and Nal‐PpIX, respectively (Table ) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Predictors and Limitations of the Penetration Depth of Photodynamic Effects in the Rodent Brain

Inglut

Gaitan

Najafali

et al. 2019

Photochem & Photobiology

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Fluorescence‐guided surgery (FGS) is routinely utilized in clinical centers around the world, whereas the combination of FGS and photodynamic therapy (PDT) has yet to reach clinical implementation and remains an active area of translational investigations. Two significant challenges to the clinical translation of PDT for brain cancer are as follows: (1) Limited light penetration depth in brain tissues and (2) Poor selectivity and delivery of the appropriate photosensitizers. To address these shortcomings, we developed nanoliposomal protoporphyrin IX (Nal‐PpIX) and nanoliposomal benzoporphyrin derivative (Nal‐BPD) and then evaluated their photodynamic effects as a function of depth in tissue and light fluence using rat brains. Although red light penetration depth (defined as the depth at which the incident optical energy drops to 1/e, ~37%) is typically a few millimeters in tissues, we demonstrated that the remaining optical energy could induce PDT effects up to 2 cm within brain tissues. Photobleaching and singlet oxygen yield studies between Nal‐BPD and Nal‐PpIX suggest that deep‐tissue PDT (>1 cm) is more effective when using Nal‐BPD. These findings indicate that Nal‐BPD‐PDT is more likely to generate cytotoxic effects deep within the brain and allow for the treatment of brain invading tumor cells centimeters away from the main, resectable tumor mass.

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“…In this section, the addition of photosensitizers rather than the use of two-photon absorption or upconverting nanoparticles is highlighted. However, it is important to note that these strategies have been previously used in phototriggerable liposomes [24][25][26], and recent reviews of phototriggerable liposomes are available [27][28][29].…”

Section: Liposomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in light-responsive on-demand drug-delivery Systems

2017

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The convergence of wearable sensors and personalized medicine enhance the ability to sense and control the drug composition and dosage, as well as location and timing of administration. To date, numerous stimuli-triggered smart drug-delivery systems have been developed to detect changes in light, pH, temperature, biomolecules, electric field, magnetic field, ultrasound and mechanical forces. This review examines the major advances within the last 5 years for the three most common light-responsive drug delivery-on-demand strategies: photochemical, photoisomerization and photothermal. Examples are highlighted to illustrate progress of each strategy in drug delivery applications, and key limitations are identified to motivate future research to advance this important field.

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Mechanisms of light‐induced liposome permeabilization

Cited by 81 publications

References 85 publications

Immunological and Toxicological Considerations for the Design of Liposomes

Immunological and Toxicological Considerations for the Design of Liposomes

Predictors and Limitations of the Penetration Depth of Photodynamic Effects in the Rodent Brain

Recent Advances in light-responsive on-demand drug-delivery Systems

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