Mechanisms of inclusion formation in Al−Ti−Si−Mn deoxidized steel weld metals

Kluken, A. O.; Grong, Ø.

doi:10.1007/bf02665492

Cited by 122 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The influence of local solidification time and solute content on Al 2 O 3 formation was studied using the model, and Figure 9 displays the predicted size distribution of Al 2 O 3 under different O and Al contents. It was found that both number density and size as well as size range increased with a higher Al content; the increasing oxygen content also resulted in a larger size and number density, which was in agreement with the experimental results [41,117]. A longer local solidification time promoted the growth of particles and reduced the number density.…”

Section: During Solidificationsupporting

confidence: 88%

Modeling Inclusion Formation during Solidification of Steel: A Review

You

Michelic

Presoly

et al. 2017

Metals

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Abstract:The formation of nonmetallic inclusions in the solidification process can essentially influence the properties of steels. Computational simulation provides an effective and valuable method to study the process due to the difficulty of online investigation. This paper reviews the modeling work of inclusion formation during the solidification of steel. Microsegregation and inclusion formation thermodynamics and kinetics are first introduced, which are the fundamentals to simulate the phenomenon in the solidification process. Next, the thermodynamic and kinetic models coupled with microsegregation dedicated to inclusion formation are briefly described and summarized before the development and future expectations are discussed.

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Section: During Solidificationsupporting

confidence: 88%

Modeling Inclusion Formation during Solidification of Steel: A Review

You

Michelic

Presoly

et al. 2017

Metals

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“…Previous research focused on developing thermodynamic and kinetic models to describe the inclusion characteristics as a function of weld metal composition and process parameters. 28) The model was based on sequential oxidation framework that was proposed originally by Bailey and Pargeter and by other researchers [29][30][31][32] and was later modified to include overall transformation kinetic theory. 33) This model removed the limitation of the fixed oxidation sequence assumed by other researchers and linked the oxidation sequence to the weld composition and cooling rate.…”

Section: Inclusion Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inclusion Formation and Microstructure Evolution in Low Alloy Steel Welds.

Babu

David

2002

ISIJ International

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The paper presents an overview of research performed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory on inclusion-formation, weld-solidification, and solid-state transformations in low-alloy steel welds. The competition between oxide and nitride formation in Fe-C-Al-Mn self-shielded flux-cored arc steel welds was predicted using computational thermodynamics. Nonequilibrium austenite phase selection was monitored in a Fe-CAl-Mn weld using an in situ time-resolved X-ray diffraction technique. The competition between acicular ferrite and bainite formation from austenite was evaluated in Fe-C-Mn steel welds containing small amounts of titanium.KEY WORDS: steel welds; inclusion formation; weld solidification; nonequilibrium phase transformations; bainite; acicular ferrite.

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“…Subsequently, X-ray diffraction analysis was carried out on the electrolytically extracted inclusions of Ti-B containing weld metal and showed that a large proportion of inclusions comprised with TiO, which in turn was believed to be a phase responsible for acicular ferrite nucleation. 16) Since then, many other workers [17][18][19][20][21][22] have observed the presence of titanium-rich phase on the inclusion surface when the welds contained titanium to some extent and this phase was reasonably considered to be TiO, TiN or Ti (C,N). Recently, researchers in Osaka University identified the titanium-rich surface layer found in the weld of 0.02 wt.% titanium as being titanium mono-oxide (TiO) conclusively by detailed electron diffraction analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ti Addition on Weld Microstructure and Inclusion Characteristics of Bainitic GMA Welds

2013

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The effects of titanium content on weld microstructure and inclusion characteristics have been studied using the two different bainitic welds fabricated to have similar oxygen content. Analytical transmission electron microscopy analysis with thin foil specimens was carried out to investigate inclusion characteristics focusing on the crystal structure and the chemical features of the constituent phases. Then, these results were related with the proportion of acicular ferrite measured under an optical microscope. For a weld containing 0.002 wt.% Ti, a Ti-rich oxide layer containing manganese is present on the surface of amorphous inclusions and appears to be responsible for acicular ferrite appreciably formed in the bainitic structure, ~50%. When the titanium content increases to 0.07 wt.% Ti2O3 inclusions were formed accompanying with manganese-depleted regions and eventually results in a significant increase in acicular ferrite content over 90%. Therefore, the manganese depletion developed along with the formation of Ti2O3 inclusions is concluded to be a possible mechanism for acicular ferrite nucleation in the high titanium welds.

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Mechanisms of inclusion formation in Al−Ti−Si−Mn deoxidized steel weld metals

Cited by 122 publications

References 16 publications

Modeling Inclusion Formation during Solidification of Steel: A Review

Modeling Inclusion Formation during Solidification of Steel: A Review

Inclusion Formation and Microstructure Evolution in Low Alloy Steel Welds.

Effect of Ti Addition on Weld Microstructure and Inclusion Characteristics of Bainitic GMA Welds

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