Mechanisms of Foliar Penetration of Solutions

Franke, Wolfgang

doi:10.1146/annurev.pp.18.060167.001433

Cited by 248 publications

(140 citation statements)

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“…Zinc from foliar application penetrates the cuticle and the cellulose wall via limited or free diffusion (Franke, 1967) and ions are also absorbed through the stomata on the leaves (Eichert and Burkhardt, 2001). The altered subcellular compartmentation of Zn in the shoot enhances more efficient biochemical utilization of Zn in cells of the shoot while only part of the nutrient can be translocated from the shoot to the grain (Franke, 1967). Also, most of the micronutrients mobility in plant tissues is poor unlike macronutrients (Fageria et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of zinc application strategy on zinc content and productivity of chickpea grown under zinc deficient soils

Hidoto

Worku

Mohammed

et al. 2017

J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.

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Field experiments were conducted at three locations with Zn deficient soils in southern Ethiopia during 2012 and 2013 cropping seasons to evaluate the effects of Zn fertilization strategies and varietal differences on Zn content and plant performance of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Factorial combinations of three Zn fertilization strategies and five varieties were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications in each location and year. A combined analysis of variance was made using a mixed effects model. Zinc foliar application increased grain Zn content by 21 and 22% over Zn soil application and seed priming, respectively. The improvements were around four folds for straw Zn content for the same comparisons. Effects of Zn application strategies on gain and straw Zn contents were consistent across locations. The grain Zn concentration varied among the varieties ranging from 34 mg kg -1 for Mastewal to 42 mg kg -1 for the Landrace and variety Arerti. Zn application strategies did not affect the growth and yield parameters, except for pod bearing branches. FoliarZn application and appropriate variety selection are potential approaches for Zn biofortification in chickpea.Further study aimed at identifying most effective spray timing for maximum grain quality response would be worthwhile to cut fertilizer and application costs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of zinc application strategy on zinc content and productivity of chickpea grown under zinc deficient soils

Hidoto

Worku

Mohammed

et al. 2017

J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.

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“…The abundance of trichomes observed in L. stoechas would retain dew, thus increasing leaf surface wetness. Franke (1967) and Kramer & Boyer (1995) pointed out that a significant amount of water could enter plants through the leaves because the cuticle is moderately permeable when wet. The absence of trichomes and the presence of thick cuticular waxes in R. officinalis would offer more resistance to water entrance through the epidermis.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal variations of photosynthesis and dew absorption by leaves in two evergreen shrubs growing in Mediterranean field conditions

1999

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The effects of summer drought, dew deposition on leaves and autumn rainfall on plant water relations and diurnal variations of photosynthesis were measured in two evergreen shrubs, rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and lavender (Lavandula stoechas), grown in Mediterranean field conditions. Withholding water for 40 d caused a similar decrease in predawn shoot water potential (ψ pd ) from c. k0.4 to c. k1.3 MPa in both species, but a 50% decrease in the relative leaf water content in L. stoechas compared with 22% in R. officinalis. A similar decrease in CO # assimilation rates by c. 75% was observed in water-stressed plants of both species, although L. stoechas showed smaller photosynthesis : stomatal conductance ratio than R. officinalis (35 vs 45 µmol CO # : mol H # O). The relative quantum efficiency of photosystem II photochemistry also decreased by c. 45% at midday in waterstressed plants of both species. Nevertheless, neither L. stoechas nor R. officinalis suffered drought-induced damage to photosystem II, as indicated by the maintenance of the ratio F v : F m throughout the experiment, associated with an increase in the carotenoid content per unit of chlorophyll by c. 62% and c. 30%, respectively, in water-stressed plants. Only L. stoechas absorbed dew by leaves. In this species the occurrence of 6 d of dew over a 15-d period improved relative leaf water content by c. 72% and shoot water potential by c. 0.5 MPa throughout the day in water-stressed plants, although the photosynthetic capacity was not recovered until the occurrence of autumn rainfall. The ability of leaves to absorb dew allowed L. stoechas to restore plant water status, which is especially relevant in plants exposed to prolonged drought.

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“…Physical factors include characteristics of the deposition regime and of the contaminants (rain duration, size of particles) and of the plant (foliage layout, leaf size and cuticular structure). Chemical factors include the speciation of 792 RADIOPROTECTION the pollutant, water composition and cuticle composition [5,6]. Biological factors are mainly associated with the vegetative cycle at the time of the foliar deposit [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Context and Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role and uncertainty of foliar transfer in radiological impact assessments: State of the art and future actions

et al. 2009

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Abstract. Sensitivity analyses have shown major role of foliar transfer for many radionuclides in the context of radiological impact assessments. A review of the published literature about foliar transfer focusing on translocation factors was carried out in order to constitute an updated database on one hand and to use the appropriate existing values of translocation parameters for modeling on the other. Translocation describes the distribution of radionuclides within the plant after foliar deposition and radionuclide absorption onto the surface of leaves. It mainly depends on elements and the plant growth stage. The collected data was derived from both in-field and greenhouse experiments. It was analysed to select those coming from a contamination simulating sprinkling irrigation or rain. This work not only allowed us to carry out a diagnosis on the values themselves but also enabled us to ascertain missing data needs. In order to compensate for the lack of data on important radionuclides concerning radioactive waste ( 129 I, 36 Cl, 79 Se), experimental studies have been launched. CONTEXT AND DEFINITIONTransfer of radionuclides to plants by sprinkling irrigation with contaminated water in standard agricultural conditions is usually modelled for radiological impact assessments of radioactive waste disposals. Ingestion exposures from irrigated agricultural land are often a few times higher than those of drinking water. The deposition of radionuclides on vegetation and soil represents the starting point for their transfer in the terrestrial environment and in food chains. Interception is the second parameter entering the model and is defined as the fraction of a radionuclide deposited by wet deposition that is initially retained by the vegetation. Although the activity retained is subsequently removed by weathering to the soil and, the fraction that is initially intercepted is a very important quantity in all radioecological models. This is because direct deposition may cause relatively high activity concentrations in feed and foods. Once deposited on vegetation, radionuclides are lost from plants due to removal by wind and rain, either through leaching or by cuticular abrasion. Translocation describes the systemic transport of radionuclides in the plant subsequent to foliar uptake. Translocation has no or very little influence on the long-term-fate of radioactivity in the environment, since it describes only the distribution of radionuclides within the plant subsequent to foliar deposition and absorption by the leaves. However, for estimating radionuclide concentrations in foods and for the assessment of doses to man, the systemic transport of radionuclides is a key issue. It is especially important for plants from which only specific parts are used as food or feed, such as cereals and potatoes. For plants that are used whole, such as leafy vegetables or maize silage, translocation is relevant only in that it may reduce the amount of activity that is lost by weathering processes.Translocation is the phenomenon le...

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Mechanisms of Foliar Penetration of Solutions

Cited by 248 publications

References 1 publication

Effects of zinc application strategy on zinc content and productivity of chickpea grown under zinc deficient soils

Effects of zinc application strategy on zinc content and productivity of chickpea grown under zinc deficient soils

Diurnal variations of photosynthesis and dew absorption by leaves in two evergreen shrubs growing in Mediterranean field conditions

Role and uncertainty of foliar transfer in radiological impact assessments: State of the art and future actions

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