Mechanism of the early stages of oxidation of WC–Co cemented carbides

Chen, Liyong; Yi, Danqing; Wang, Bin; Liu, Huiqun; Wu, Chunping

doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2015.11.007

Cited by 78 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In their university study, Basu and Sarin [1] found that although oxidation was almost negligible for a similar WC/6% Co composite at 600 °C, reaction with air increases rapidly with temperature. In agreement with other authors [2,9], they determined that a mixture of two oxides is formed: tungsten oxide and cobalt-tungstate (WO 3 and CoWO 4 ). Figure 14 shows the location of a linescan, across the (shrinkage) gap from the ID oxide layer on the left, to the base material on the right.…”

Section: Wc/co Bushing and Oxide Layer (700 °C/3 H): Id Surfacesupporting

confidence: 90%

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Oxidation Behavior of Tungsten Carbide-6% Cobalt Cemented Carbide

Bagnall¹,

Capo

Moorhead

2018

Metallogr. Microstruct. Anal.

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This paper examines the oxidation behavior of annular tungsten carbide-6% cobalt binder samples, after exposure to air furnace temperatures in the range 500-1100 °C. An unreacted shrinking core model is supported by evidence of surface reactions on the OD surface. However, significant changes are noted on the ID surface of the annulus, indicating a change in oxidation mechanism. Oxidation products and oxide structure become more complex with increasing temperature. These phenomena are explored in terms of oxide formation, oxidation rate, and exposure temperature.

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Section: Wc/co Bushing and Oxide Layer (700 °C/3 H): Id Surfacesupporting

confidence: 90%

“…A more recent publication by Chen et al [9] employing EPMA, grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) examined in detail the initial oxidation reactions for a WC-15% Co cermet.…”

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confidence: 99%

Oxidation Behavior of Tungsten Carbide-6% Cobalt Cemented Carbide

Bagnall¹,

Capo

Moorhead

2018

Metallogr. Microstruct. Anal.

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“…When WC reacts with Co binder in presence of environmental oxygen, it results in the formation of CoWO 4 phase. The corresponding chemical reaction is given below in equation 4, 57 ;…”

Section: Wc O Wo C G Kjmole 533 87mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Experimental Parameters on Wear Response of Thermally Sprayed Carbide Based Coatings

Vashishtha

Sapate

2018

Mat. Res.

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Friction and abrasive wear response of WC-12 Co and Cr 3 C 2-25 NiCr coatings was studied. Abrasive wear experiments were conducted with SiC abrasive particles with varying load and sliding speeds. The results were analyzed using SEM, XRD and XPS observations of worn surfaces, wear debris and worn out abrasive paper. Friction coefficient diminished with rise in sliding speed and increased for increase in load while wear rates decreased for increasing sliding speed for both coatings. WC-12 Co coating had better wear resistance than Cr 3 C 2-25 NiCr coating while Cr 3 C 2-25 NiCr coating displayed lower friction coefficient. The variation in wear rate and friction response of coatings was due to combined effects of adhesion, abrasion and tribo oxidation effects. The composition of tribo films was strongly influenced by load and sliding velocity and altered friction and wear response of the coatings.

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“…Both metallic binders and ceramic particles are also damaged in dry environments. The character and the speed of the oxidation in air are closely related to temperature—namely, at about 400 °C, slight oxidation was observed, between 400 and 500 °C selective oxidation of Co binder appeared, and above 500 °C, simultaneous oxidation of the binder and WC phase took place [ 11 , 12 ]. Additionally, temperature can affect the binder properties, so that a temperature dependent fatigue effect takes place at temperatures between 25 and 900 °C, as reported in [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wear Resistance Improvement of Cemented Tungsten Carbide Deep-Hole Drills after Ion Implantation

et al. 2021

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The paper is dedicated to the life prolongation of the tools designed for deep-hole drilling. Among available methods, an ion implantation process was used to improve the durability of tungsten carbide (WC)-Co guide pads. Nitrogen fluencies of 3 × 1017 cm−2, 4 × 1017 cm−2 and 5 × 1017 cm−2 were applied, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analyses, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) measurements were performed for both nonimplanted and implanted tools. The durability tests of nonimplanted and the modified tools were performed in industrial conditions. The durability of implanted guide pads was above 2.5 times greater than nonimplanted ones in the best case, presumably due to the presence of a carbon-rich layer and extremely hard tungsten nitrides. The achieved effect may be attributed to the dissociation of tungsten carbide phase and to the lubrication effect. The latter was due to the presence of pure carbon layer with a thickness of a few dozen nanometers. Notably, this layer was formed at a temperature of 200 °C, much smaller than in previously reported research, which makes the findings even more valuable from economic and environmental perspectives.

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Mechanism of the early stages of oxidation of WC–Co cemented carbides

Cited by 78 publications

References 49 publications

Oxidation Behavior of Tungsten Carbide-6% Cobalt Cemented Carbide

Oxidation Behavior of Tungsten Carbide-6% Cobalt Cemented Carbide

Effect of Experimental Parameters on Wear Response of Thermally Sprayed Carbide Based Coatings

Wear Resistance Improvement of Cemented Tungsten Carbide Deep-Hole Drills after Ion Implantation

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