Mechanism and reaction rate of the karl-fischer titration reaction

Verhoef, JC; Barendrecht, E Embrecht

doi:10.1016/s0022-0728(76)80017-4

Cited by 81 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Part II). A moderately large sulfur dioxide concentration, however, deforms the voltammograms [6], so that it becomes very difficult to obtain a useful limiting current plateau, especially at pH values larger than pKa, where most of the sulfur dioxide is converted into the methyl sulfite ion [1] At low pH values, however, a large excess of sulfur dioxide can be used {e.g. a fiftyfold excess at pH = 2.6), so that then first order measurements can be made.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As has been pointed out in Part I, the overall third order rate constant, k3, is a function of the iodide concentration: k 3 = (k3,i~-" Ksc I_ + ks,12)/(1 + KscI_ ) (1) where k 3 ._ and k3,i2 are the individual third order rate constants for triiodide • . ,13 and lodme, respectively, and Ks is the stability constant of the triiodide ion [3]:…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The oxidation of the monomethyl sulfite ion by iodine and triiodide (which is the basic reaction in a Karl-Fischer titration) has been investigated with a potentiometric technique [ 1] and with the rotating ring<lisk electrode [ 2] in Parts I and II, respectively. Both methods demand a rather high iodide concentration.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanism and reaction rate of the Karl-Fischer titration reaction Part IV. First and second order catalytic currents at a rotating disk electrode

Verhoef

1978

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 92%

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Mechanism and reaction rate of the Karl-Fischer titration reaction Part IV. First and second order catalytic currents at a rotating disk electrode

Verhoef

1978

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

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“…For the allergen extraction, pollen humidity from each sample was first measured using the Karl Fisher method [13]. Then, 6 g of each type of pollen were selected to elaborate the extracts.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Effect of Pollution and Fungal Disease on Pinus radiata Pollen Allergenicity

Garcia‐Gallardo

Algorta

Longo

et al. 2012

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Background: Pollutants and other stressing factors like mold infection might increase the production of pathogen-related proteins in plants. Since this is invoked as one of the causes for the high prevalence of allergic diseases in developed countries, we aimed to determine the potential effect of environmental pollution, with or without mold infection of the trees, on the allergenic potency of pine pollen (Pinus radiata). Methods: Pine pollen samples were recovered from three selected areas: low polluted (A), highly polluted (B) and highly polluted and infected with fungi (Spheropsis sapinea) (C). The allergenic potency of pollen from areas A, B or C were compared in vivo in 35 pine pollen-allergic patients by skin prick test and specific IgE (sIgE) quantification. Pollen was also analyzed in vitro by SDS-PAGE immunoblotting, RAST inhibition and cDNA-AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) to compare differences in proteins and mRNA expression. Results: The allergenic potency measured by prick test, sIgE and RAST inhibition was greater in pollen A, which was exposed to smaller amounts of NO_x, PM₁₀ and SO₂ but greater amounts of O₃. No differences were found in IgE-binding bands in immunoblotting or densitometry of the bands. In cDNA-AFLP, three homologous transcript-derived fragments were expressed in samples B only, with an expressed sequence tag related with stress-regulated gene expression. Conclusions: A greater allergenic potency, in terms of skin tests and sIgE, is observed in pine pollen coming from unpolluted areas. We consider that this fact might be related to a higher exposure to ozone, resulting in a greater expression of allergenic proteins.

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“…It was found that the KF reaction is a first-order reaction with respect to I 2 , SO 2 and H 2 O only in cases where the pH value of the working medium corresponds to the pH of the KF reagent (i.e., pH 5.5-8 with such bases as pyridine or imidazole) [39][40][41]. The rate of the KF reaction is increased if formamide or N-methylformamide are present in the reagent mixture with methanol [36].…”

Section: Kf Reagent and Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stoichiometry and chemical metrology: Karl Fischer reaction

Sherman

Kuselman

1999

Accreditation and Quality Assurance

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Stoichiometry of analytical reactions is discussed as an important element of many primary methods (gravimetry, volumetry, spectrophotometry, etc.) and therefore, of chemical metrology as a whole. Variations in stoichiometry caused by non-equilibrium conditions, by changes in the reaction medium or by other factors can be a source of the dominant uncertainty component in the analytical measurement. Such a situation is illustrated with the Karl Fischer (KF) reaction which is widely used in aquametry. Two kinds of solvents used as a part of the reaction medium -alcohols and amidesare compared. The influence of the media on the stoichiometry of the reaction and, correspondingly, on the titre of the KF reagent is evaluated.

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Mechanism and reaction rate of the karl-fischer titration reaction

Cited by 81 publications

References 17 publications

Mechanism and reaction rate of the Karl-Fischer titration reaction Part IV. First and second order catalytic currents at a rotating disk electrode

Mechanism and reaction rate of the Karl-Fischer titration reaction Part IV. First and second order catalytic currents at a rotating disk electrode

Evaluation of the Effect of Pollution and Fungal Disease on Pinus radiata Pollen Allergenicity

Stoichiometry and chemical metrology: Karl Fischer reaction

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