Mechanics of Bacterial Cells and Initial Surface Colonisation

Aguayo, Sebastian; Bozec, Laurent

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-32189-9_15

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…This structural alteration is likely to be accompanied by a change in its mechanical properties. To investigate this, AFM-based indentations were performed directly on physisorbed biofilms using a functionalized probe as described elsewhere 23,31 . LC biofilms were found to be significantly stiffer compared to HC biofilms after 1 h physisorption (p < 0.05), exhibiting values of Young's Moduli E s 2.83 ± 1.22 MPa and 1.39 ± 0.12 MPa, respectively.…”

Section: Biofilm Rehydration Mechanical Properties: Young's Modulus (E S )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, new experimental approaches are needed to apply appropriate techniques allowing the analysis of biofilms in a non-destructive, label-free manner, at a range of short and long-time scales, in-vitro. Currently, advanced imaging techniques such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) have been employed to study a wide range of biological samples including microbial cells and biofilms [19][20][21][22][23][24][25] . OCT provides a depth-resolved analysis of backscattered light, resolving image depths of several millimetres with a lateral and axial pixel resolution of < 5 µm 26 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Dependency of hydration and growth conditions on the mechanical properties of oral biofilms

Pattem

Davrandi

Aguayo

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Within the oral cavity, dental biofilms experience dynamic environments, in part due to changes in dietary content, frequency of intake and health conditions. This can impact bacterial diversity and morpho-mechanical properties. While phenotypic properties of oral biofilms are closely related to their composition, these can readily change according to dynamic variations in the growth environment and nutrient availability. Understanding the interlink between phenotypic properties, variable growth conditions, and community characterization is an essential requirement to develop structure–property relationships in oral-biofilms. In this study, the impact of two distinct growth media types with increasing richness on the properties of oral biofilms was assessed through a new combination of in-vitro time-lapse biophysical methods with microbiological assays. Oral biofilms grown in the enriched media composition presented a decrease in their pH, an increase in soluble EPS production, and a severe reduction in bacterial diversity. Additionally, enriched media conditions presented an increase in biofilm volumetric changes (upon hydration) as well as a reduction in elastic modulus upon indentation. With hydration time considered a major factor contributing to changes in biofilm mechanical properties, we have shown that it is less associated than media richness. Future investigations can now use this time-lapse approach, with a clearer focus on the extracellular matrix of oral biofilms dictating their morpho-mechanical properties.

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Section: Biofilm Rehydration Mechanical Properties: Young's Modulus (E S )mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dependency of hydration and growth conditions on the mechanical properties of oral biofilms

Pattem

Davrandi

Aguayo

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…90 While many of the models used in interpretation of AFM data need to be improved and adapted to use for biological cells, the technique provides a baseline for cellular mechanics. The scale at which AFM is performed allows single cell analysis as well as biofilm analysis at different stages of development.…”

Section: Analytical Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calling All Hosts: Bacterial Communication In Situ

Cleary

Condren

Zink

et al. 2017

Chem

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Bacteria are cosmopolitan organisms that in recent years have demonstrated many roles in maintaining host equilibrium. In this review, we discuss three roles bacteria can occupy in a host: pathogenic, symbiotic, and transient, with a specific focus on how bacterial small molecules contribute to homeostasis or dysbiosis. First, we will dissect how small molecules produced by pathogenic bacteria can be used as a source for communication during colonization and as protection against host immune responses. The ability to achieve a higher level of organization through small molecule communication gives pathogenic bacteria an opportunity for increased virulence and fitness. Conversely, in symbiotic relationships with hosts, small molecules are used in the initial acquisition, colonization, and maintenance of this beneficial population. Chemical signals can come from both the host and symbiont, and it is often observed that these interKingdom symbioses result in coevolution of both species involved. Furthermore, the transition from transient to commensal or opportunistic likely relies on molecular mechanisms. The small molecules utilized and produced by transient bacteria are desirable for both the immune and nutritional benefits they provide to the host. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of modern analytical techniques that are available to researchers in order to study small molecules in situ is an important aspect of this review. It is our opinion that small molecules produced by bacteria are central to many biological processes and a larger focus on uncovering the function and identity of these small molecules is required to gain a deeper understanding of host-microbe associations.

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“…The copyright holder for this preprint this version posted March 10, 2022. ; https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.03.09.22271977 doi: medRxiv preprint can also provide important quantitative information such as surface roughness and mechanical properties of specimens and substrates 15 . Previous work has utilised AFM to examine the microstructure of enamel surfaces after acid etching but mostly focused on observing changes at the microscale range [16][17][18] ; however, potential enamel ultrastructural changes associated to tooth ageing have not yet been explored with these techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For AFM, samples require minimal preparation and can be observed in near-physiological conditions, resulting in huge advantages for the exploration of human tissue samples and specimens 14 . Furthermore, AFM is not limited to topographical characterisation as it can also provide important quantitative information such as surface roughness and mechanical properties of specimens and substrates 15 . Previous work has utilised AFM to examine the microstructure of enamel surfaces after acid etching but mostly focused on observing changes at the microscale range [16][17][18] ; however, potential enamel ultrastructural changes associated to tooth ageing have not yet been explored with these techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructural characterisation of young and aged dental enamel by atomic force microscopy

Leiva-Sabadini

Schuh

Barrera

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Recent advances in atomic force microscopy (AFM) have allowed the characterisation of dental associated biomaterials and biological surfaces with high-resolution and minimal sample preparation. In this context, the topography of dental enamel (the hardest mineralised tissue in the body) has been explored with AFM-based approaches at the micro-scale. With age, teeth are known to suffer changes that can impact their structural stability and function; however, changes in enamel structure because of ageing have not yet been explored with nanoscale resolution. Therefore, the aim of this exploratory work was to optimise an approach to characterise the ultrastructure of dental enamel and determine potential differences in topography, hydroxyapatite (HA) crystal size, and surface roughness at the nanoscale associated to ageing. For this, a total of six teeth were collected from human donors from which enamel specimens were prepared. By employing AC mode imaging, HA crystals were characterised in both transversal and longitudinal orientation with high resolution in environmental conditions. Sound superficial enamel displayed the presence of a pellicle-like coating on its surface, that was not observable on cleaned specimens. Acid-etching exposed crystals that were imaged and morphologically characterised in high-resolution at the nanoscale in both the external and internal regions of enamel in older and younger specimens. Our results demonstrated important individual variations in HA crystal width and roughness parameters across the analysed specimens; however, an increase in surface roughness and decrease in HA width was observed for the pooled older external enamel group compared to younger specimens. Overall, high-resolution AFM was an effective approach for the qualitative and quantitative characterisation of human dental enamel ultrastructure at the nanometre range. Future work should focus on exploring the ageing of dental enamel with increased sample sizes to compensate for individual differences as well as other potential confounding factors such as behavioural habits and mechanical forces.

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Mechanics of Bacterial Cells and Initial Surface Colonisation

Cited by 15 publications

References 69 publications

Dependency of hydration and growth conditions on the mechanical properties of oral biofilms

Dependency of hydration and growth conditions on the mechanical properties of oral biofilms

Calling All Hosts: Bacterial Communication In Situ

Ultrastructural characterisation of young and aged dental enamel by atomic force microscopy

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