Mechanically tunable aspheric lenses via additive manufacture of hanging elastomeric droplets for microscopic applications

Fuh, Yiin Kuen; Chen, Pin Wen; Lai, Zheng Hong

doi:10.1080/09500340.2015.1128007

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…[22][23][24][25]27,32] Here, the PDMS lens fabrication was studied using the droplet method on a cylindrical pillar template, combined with the hydrophobic modification of the template and the precuring of liquid PDMS to improve the fabrication precision, magnification ratio range, and to produce different lens shapes. [22][23][24][25]27,32] Here, the PDMS lens fabrication was studied using the droplet method on a cylindrical pillar template, combined with the hydrophobic modification of the template and the precuring of liquid PDMS to improve the fabrication precision, magnification ratio range, and to produce different lens shapes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[22][23][24][25] To fabricate this elastomeric lens, the droplet-based fabrication techniques are especially popular as they offer a simple and fast fabrication process. [22][23][24][25] To fabricate this elastomeric lens, the droplet-based fabrication techniques are especially popular as they offer a simple and fast fabrication process.…”

Section: Pdms Lens Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[22][23][24][25] To fabricate this elastomeric lens, the droplet-based fabrication techniques are especially popular as they offer a simple and fast fabrication process. [25,[32][33][34][35][36] In the injection method, the liquid PDMS is injected on top of a substrate and cured with a heating treatment. Currently, there are two popular ways to fabricate the lens with PDMS droplet on a substrate including the upright injection [26][27][28][29][30][31] and hanging method.…”

Section: Pdms Lens Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Portable Smartphone‐Based Platform for Real‐Time Particle Detection in Microfluidics

Salafi

Zeming

Lim

et al. 2018

Adv Materials Technologies

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Real‐time particle detection is an integral part of microfluidics for diagnostics. The detection method is typically performed with the use of bulky and expensive instruments including a bench‐top microscope, high‐speed camera, and fluidic pump. This limits the practical applications of microfluidics for real‐time point‐of‐care detection. Here, a portable and low‐cost smartphone microscopy platform is developed for real‐time particle detection in microfluidics based on a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) lens, modular 3D printed accessory, plug‐and‐play paper pump, and a novel particle counting algorithm. The PDMS lens is developed using a new method based on the PDMS precuring and hydrophobic modification on a pillar template to allow for fabrication of various lens shapes with high reproducibility and broad range magnification ratio from 30× to 100×. The modular 3D printed smartphone accessory allows for easy imaging setup to cater for different size of microchannel and the paper pump design provides a convenient single‐step process to drive the fluid. The platform is implemented to count the moving particles in the outlet of microfluidics deterministic lateral displacement with 94% counting accuracy. This platform provides huge potential applications for real‐time point‐of‐care detection that can be integrated with various microfluidic techniques.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pdms Lens Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[22][23][24][25] To fabricate this elastomeric lens, the droplet-based fabrication techniques are especially popular as they offer a simple and fast fabrication process. [25,[32][33][34][35][36] In the injection method, the liquid PDMS is injected on top of a substrate and cured with a heating treatment. Currently, there are two popular ways to fabricate the lens with PDMS droplet on a substrate including the upright injection [26][27][28][29][30][31] and hanging method.…”

Section: Pdms Lens Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Portable Smartphone‐Based Platform for Real‐Time Particle Detection in Microfluidics

Salafi

Zeming

Lim

et al. 2018

Adv Materials Technologies

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show abstract

“…Chen et al reported on a microlens with a diameter between 600–1400 µm, a focal length from 3.82 to 10.64 mm, and a NA between 0.09 and 0.24 [ 37 ]. The work reported by Fuh et al presents a lens with 10.2 mm focal length and 1.5 mm height, produced using the hanging droplet technique [ 38 ]. The µ-lens produced in this work features a focal length of approximately 10 mm through a lens that is 3 times smaller in height (0.52 mm).…”

Section: Microlens Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

PDMS Microlenses for Focusing Light in Narrow Band Imaging Diagnostics

Costa

Pimenta

Ribeiro

et al. 2019

Sensors

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Minimally invasive medical devices can greatly benefit from Narrow Band Imaging (NBI) diagnostic capabilities, as different wavelengths allow penetration of distinct layers of the gastrointestinal tract mucosa, improving diagnostic accuracy and targeting different pathologies. An important performance parameter is the light intensity at a given power consumption of the medical device. A method to increase the illumination intensity in the NBI diagnostic technique was developed and applied to minimally invasive medical devices (e.g., endoscopic capsules), without increasing the size and power consumption of such instruments. Endoscopic capsules are generally equipped with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) operating in the RGB (red, green, and blue) visible light spectrum. A polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) µ-lens was designed for a maximum light intensity at the target area of interest when placed on top of the LEDs. The PDMS µ-lens was fabricated using a low-cost hanging droplet method. Experiments reveal an increased illumination intensity by a factor of 1.21 for both the blue and green LEDs and 1.18 for the red LED. These promising results can increase the resolution of NBI in endoscopic capsules, which can contribute to early gastric lesions diagnosis.

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“…and anti-reflection coatings [19]. In the cases of single microlenses, such as biconvex lens, aspherical lens, and plano-convex lens, were fabricated for use as visualization in optocapillary flow manipulation [20], and external lens for smartphone microscopes [5,6,8,16,17,21,22]. Due to the variety of applications, various fabrication techniques were developed.…”

Section: Fabrication Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

High magnification polymeric lens for smartphone microscope

Jaikeandee

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In this work, we present a facile method for fabrication of plano-convex lenses, using high reflective optical polymer (Polydimethylsiloxane, Sylgard 184�by Dow Corning, n ~1.42 and Norland Optical adhesive 61, NOA61 by Norland Products, ~1.56) under the confined sessile drop technique. The confined sessile drop technique is a facile method and an adjustable lens geometry through controlled the weight of liquid polymer on the lens substrate, as PMMA circular disk and Sylgard�circular disk, with different diameter (2.5-6.0 mm). The liquid polymer was gradually spread and radially over the surface of the lens substrate, and resistance to spreading of liquid by a sharp edge under the gravitational force and interfacial surface tension to form spherical cap with smooth surface. When the use of the weight of liquid polymer increased, the deformation of the lens observed due to affect the gravitational force. The fabricated lenses, as Sylgard 184�plano-convex lens and NOA 61 plano-convex lens, provides the magnification up to 51.0X and 88.3X, respectively. In addition, the imaging quality of the fabricated lenses was characterized using USAF 1951 target. The fabricated plano-convex lenses which could be used to convert a smartphone to a smartphone microscope to taken the small objects that cannot see by naked eye. Due to high refractive index of NOA 61 plano-convex lens, it can be utilized as design of low cost SPR sensors under Kretschmann surface plasmon sensors configuration through deposited with 50 nm-Au film on rough surface as base of NOA 61 plano-convex lenses.

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Mechanically tunable aspheric lenses via additive manufacture of hanging elastomeric droplets for microscopic applications

Cited by 10 publications

References 22 publications

Portable Smartphone‐Based Platform for Real‐Time Particle Detection in Microfluidics

Portable Smartphone‐Based Platform for Real‐Time Particle Detection in Microfluidics

PDMS Microlenses for Focusing Light in Narrow Band Imaging Diagnostics

High magnification polymeric lens for smartphone microscope

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