Mechanically induced strong red emission in samarium ions doped piezoelectric semiconductor CaZnOS for dynamic pressure sensing and imaging

Wang, Wei; Peng, Dengfeng; Zhang, Hanlu; Yang, Xiaohong; Pan, Caofeng

doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2016.03.046

Cited by 43 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…o account for the trap levels associated with the emission of Ln 3+ in the ML process. Examples of ML materials that are formed by non-equivalent substitution include Ca 2 Al 2 SiO 7 :Ce 3+ [82], (Ba,Ca)TiO 3 :Pr 3+ [143][144][145], SrAl 2 O 4 :Ce 3+ [91], CaYAl 3 O 7 :Ce 3+ [99], Sr 3 Sn 2 O 7 :Sm 3+ [101], CaZnOS:Er 3+ [108], CaZnOS:Sm 3+ [111], mCaO•Nb 2 O 5 :Pr 3+ (m = 1, 2 and 3) [112], LiNbO 3 :Pr 3+ [113], Ca 3 Ti 2 O 7 :Pr 3+ [114], (Ca,Sr) 2 Nb 2 O 7 :Pr 3+ (red) [126,127], and NaNbO 3 :Pr 3+ (red) [129,130]. Equivalent substitution creates isoelectronic trap states that result from the discrepancies of host ions and dopant ions in terms of their electronegativity and covalent radius [146].…”

Section: Trap Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The nature of the carrier traps associated with the ML process is poorly understood, in part because these traps cannot be detected directly. Indeed, even studies on an identical ML material have generated different conclusions on the nature of component carrier traps [15,16,[83][84][85][86][89][90][91][92][93][94][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114]. In the following discussion, we analyze key aspects of two opposing models to explain the ML of SrAl 2 O 4 :Eu 2+ , in which hole and electron traps serve as the main carrier traps participating in ML process, respectively ( Fig.…”

Section: Trap Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The emission spectra of ML materials in the first two categories are strongly influenced by the crystal field strength [223], and so the ML spectra may differ for different host lattices, even if these hosts are doped with the same luminescent ion. The third category of luminescent ions includes the trivalent lanthanide ions (Pr 3+ , Nd 3+ , Sm 3+ , Eu 3+ , Tb 3+ , Dy 3+ , Ho 3+ , Er 3+ , Tm 3+ and Yb 3+ ) that emit narrow emission peaks due to 4f-4f transitions -examples include (Ba,Ca)TiO 3 :Pr 3+ (red) [89], mCaO•Nb 2 O 5 :Pr 3+ (m = 1, 2 and 3) (red) [112], LiNbO 3 :Pr 3+ (red) [113], NaNbO 3 :Pr 3+ (red) [129,130] [124], and CaZ-nOS:Pr 3+ /Nd 3+ /Sm 3+ /Eu 3+ /Tb 3+ /Dy 3+ /Ho 3+ /Er 3+ /Tm 3+ /Yb 3+ (from violet to NIR) [108,111,125,131]. Because the internal 4f shell is shielded by the 5 s 2 and 5p 6 orbitals, the energy of the sharp emission bands associated with 4f-4f transition in this category of ML materials is not sensitive to the nature of the ligand [223].…”

Section: Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The simplest method to control the color of the ML is to mix different types of phosphors in a composite material. Other approaches include manipulating the composition and structure of the phosphor, for example by doping the phosphor with different luminescent ions [15,16,91,93,99,102,104,105,107,108,111,134,125,131], by substituting host ions in the crystal [95,194,276], by integrating energy transfer centers to red-shift the emission [15,16,20,88,104,134], by manipulating the concentration effect of luminescent centers [149], and finally by adjusting the stress condition [15,88,104,105,110,134]. Next, we survey methods identified above to regulate ML color (Fig.…”

Section: Regulation Of ML Colormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trap-controlled mechanoluminescent materials

Zhang

Wang

Marriott

et al. 2019

Progress in Materials Science

232

189

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Mechanoluminescence (ML) is generated during exposures of certain materials to mechanical stimuli. Many solid materials produce ML during their fracturing, however, the irreversibility of fracto-induced ML limits the practical applications of these materials. In 1999, Chao-Nan Xu discovered an intense and reproducible ML from trap-controlled materials, including ZnS:Mn 2+ and SrAl 2 O 4 :Eu 2+ , and introduced the principles and applications of hybrid inorganic/organic mechanoluminescent (ML) composites, and related sensors to visualize stress/strain in target structures. This discovery has triggered intense research interest in trap-controlled ML materials and composites over the past 2 decades. Notable achievements of this research include the development of trap-controlled materials that exhibit bright ML emission from the ultraviolet to the near infra-red, and multiscale mechano-optical sensitivities. This research has also increased our understanding of the mechanisms of ML phenomena, enabling the rational design of trap-controlled ML materials. Practical applications of ML are also being driven by the discovery that ML composites can serve as "mechano-optical sensitive skin" for structural health diagnosis, stress sensors for biomechanics, and mechanically-activated light sources. This review focuses on the design, synthesis, characterization, optimization and application of trap-controlled ML materials, and concludes with discussions on future directions of ML research and specific challenges to improve ML materials for real-world applications.

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Section: Trap Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Trap Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Regulation Of ML Colormentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Trap-controlled mechanoluminescent materials

Zhang

Wang

Marriott

et al. 2019

Progress in Materials Science

232

189

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The device was a flexible film made of two polyethylene terephthalate substrates with CaZ-nOS:Er 3+ particles coated between them, and green light could be observed [110]. Lanthanide-ion-doped CaZnOS:Sm 3+ emitted red light upon stimulation by a dynamic mechanical stress [111].…”

Section: Man-machine Interaction and Intelligent Robotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress in tactile sensors and their applications in intelligent systems

et al. 2020

Self Cite

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Mechanoluminescence Color Conversion by Spontaneous Fluorescent‐Dye‐Diffusion in Elastomeric Zinc Sulfide Composite

Jeong

Song

Kim

et al. 2016

Adv Funct Materials

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wileyonlinelibrary.comtechnologies because ML can be generated by all mechanical vibrations occurring in nature. [ 3 ] Elastico-ML, luminescence by elastic deformation, has been mainly used for advanced applications because of its potential durability. [ 4,5 ] Various approaches have been proposed for using ML in sensor applications, mainly for visualizing crack propagation and for stress distribution. [5][6][7][8][9][10] Recently, the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-supported zinc sulfi de (ZnS) composite structure has received considerable attention [ 3,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17] because of its durable [ 15,16 ] and color-tunable [ 3,17 ] ML characteristics. Such PDMS composites are very attractive owing to their easy fabrication, mechanical robustness, and low cost. Notably, from the viewpoint of application, the various color expression technologies could broaden the MLapplication fi elds. To date, many papers have been published reporting various inorganic compounds with color of ultraviolet, [ 18 ] blue, [ 19,20 ] green, [ 21,22 ] orange, [ 23 ] and red. [24][25][26] Alternative methods for ML color-tuning have also been proposed; the tuning characteristics were obtained by mixing different colored ML particles [ 17 ] or by changing the dopant concentration. [ 27 ] However, the strategies of previous reports have focused on color-tuning of ML material itself through newly developed inorganic ML compounds. In this paper, we introduce a new strategy for the color manipulation of ML by fl uorescent dyes physically combined with existing ML materials.Color conversion using wavelength-converter materials has been widely applied in light-emitting devices such as organic/ inorganic light-emitting diodes [28][29][30] and dye lasers. [31][32][33] Several types of wavelength-converter materials are available, such as phosphors, semiconductors, and dyes. [ 28 ] In particular, organic fl uorescent dyes are promising for the development of low-temperature solution-processed devices because organic dyes are usually soluble in various solvents. Hence, if energy-transferrable organic fl uorescent dyes with different luminescence and absorption spectra can be combined with ML materials, broad-color manipulation technology would be promoted because various emission colors can be produced depending on the dyes selected.Color conversion, long-wavelength light emission by absorbing shortwavelength light, is an attractive approach for developing a broad-color expression technology and is widely used in solid-state lighting, dye-lasers, and colorful displays. Up to now, many papers have been published reporting various mechanoluminescent materials emitting color of ultraviolet, blue, green, orange, and red. However, the strategies of previous reports have focused on color-tuning of mechanoluminescent material itself through newly developing inorganic mechanoluminescent compounds. Here, a new strategy for the color manipulation of mechanoluminescence (ML) is introduced by physically combining fl uorescent dyes with existing mechanol...

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Mechanically induced strong red emission in samarium ions doped piezoelectric semiconductor CaZnOS for dynamic pressure sensing and imaging

Cited by 43 publications

References 23 publications

Trap-controlled mechanoluminescent materials

Trap-controlled mechanoluminescent materials

Recent progress in tactile sensors and their applications in intelligent systems

Mechanoluminescence Color Conversion by Spontaneous Fluorescent‐Dye‐Diffusion in Elastomeric Zinc Sulfide Composite

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