Mechanical thrombectomy versus medical management for acute basilar artery occlusions: A meta-analysis of randomized trials

Abstract

Background Basilar artery occlusion (BAO) stroke is a catastrophic clinical event that results in significant morbidity and mortality. Whether MT is superior in improving outcomes remains largely inconclusive. We performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to better understand the efficacy and safety of MT in treating BAO compared to medical management (MM). Methods PubMed and EMBASE were searched to identify RCTs that directly compared the safety and efficacy of MT versus MM for patients with BAO. The primary outcome was modified Rankin scale (mRS) 0–3 at 3 months, and secondary outcome variables included National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) at 24 hours, mRS 0–2 at 3 months, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), and 90-day mortality. Results Four RCTs with 988 patients (432 in the MM arm and 556 in the MT arm), were included. Patients receiving MT had significantly higher rate of mRS 0–2 (OR = 1.994, 95% CI: 1.319–3.012) and mRS 0–3 (OR = 2.259, 95% CI: 1.166–4.374) at 3 months in comparison to patients receiving MM. Mortality was also significantly reduced in the MT group (OR = 0.640, 95% CI: 0.493–0.831). However, increased odds of sICH were found in the MT group compared to the MM group (OR = 8.193, 95% CI: 2.451–27.389). No difference was observed in terms of NIHSS at 24 hours between the two arms. Conclusions Despite the higher risk of sICH, MT was associated with superior functional outcomes and reduced mortality compared to MM in BAO patients. A revision of current guidelines for treatment of acute ischemic stroke from basilar artery occlusion should be considered.

Predictors of favorable outcome and mortality after endovascular thrombectomy in young Chinese patients with large vascular occlusions

“…Our study showed that the proportion of young Chinese LVO patients who achieved a favorable functional outcome at 3 months after EVT was 42.5% (48/113), which is lower than the 61% in previous studies ( 6 ), although it was mainly about anterior circulation LVO. Our study’s findings were in line with a meta-analysis on posterior circulation EVT, in which the rate of favorable functional outcome was 45.1% ( 26 ), but similar to those on anterior circulation, which revealed that 56% of patients aged 18 to 49 had a favorable outcome ( 13 ). In our study, an increase in the NIHSS score at admission was associated with a lower probability of functional independence at 90 days.…”