Mechanical–thermal synthesis of chromium carbides

Cintho, Osvaldo Mitsuyuki; Favilla, Eliane Aparecida Peixoto; Capocchi, José Deodoro Trani

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.03.102

Cited by 35 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…These materials can also be used as grain refinement agents in cemented carbide and other wear-resistance components due to their high melting point, good wear resistance, extreme stiffness and outstanding oxidation resistance under a high temperature environment [1,2]. As shown in the balanced Cr-C binary phase diagram, three stable structures of binary chromium carbides [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11], including Cr 7 C 3 (Pnma), Cr 3 C 2 (Pnma) and Cr 23 C 6 (Fm-3m) can be found at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure, which have been extensively researched by several groups [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Cr 3 C 2 has already been widely studied and used for industrial applications, due to its excellent mechanical and thermodynamic properties [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Principles Investigation of Binary Chromium Carbides Cr7C3, Cr3C2 and Cr23C6: Electronic Structures, Mechanical Properties and Thermodynamic Properties under Pressure

Sun

Zhao³

et al. 2022

Materials

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Binary chromium carbides display excellent wear resistance, extreme stiffness and oxidation resistance under high temperature. The influence of applied pressure on electronic structure, elastic behavior, Debye temperature and hardness of Cr7C3, Cr3C2 and Cr23C6 have been investigated by the density functional theory (DFT) method. The results reveal that lattice parameters and formation enthalpy display an inverse relationship with applied pressure, and Cr3C2 exhibited optimal structural stability. Moreover, Cr-C orbital hybridization tends to be stronger due to the decreased partial density of states (PDOS) of the Cr atom. The difference in electronic distribution of binary carbides has also been investigated, which confirmed that overall orbital hybridization and covalent characteristics has been enhanced. The theoretical hardness was elevated according to the higher bond strength and bond density. In accordance with structural stability data, Cr3C2 has shown maximum theoretical hardness. Furthermore, the anisotropic nature of hardness has been evaluated with external pressure. Cr3C2, and the highest isotropic hardness behavior along with an increase in hardness values with increasing pressure has been observed. In addition, the variation in Debye temperatures of binary chromium carbides under applied pressure has also been predicted. The results provide a theoretical insight into electronic, mechanical and thermodynamic behavior of three binary chromium carbides and show the potential of these novel carbides in a wide range of applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Principles Investigation of Binary Chromium Carbides Cr7C3, Cr3C2 and Cr23C6: Electronic Structures, Mechanical Properties and Thermodynamic Properties under Pressure

Sun

Zhao³

et al. 2022

Materials

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“…Huang and McCormick [14] have reported that the structure formed during MA of Cr and C depends on milling time and collision energy. Cintho and Favilla [15] investigated synthesis of chromium carbides (Cr 3 C 2 and Cr 7 C 3 ) by self-propagating hightemperature synthesis (SHS) method that starting from metallic chromium (obtained from the reduction of Cr 2 O 3 with Al) and carbon (graphite) via high energy milling and found that mechanical activation of the reactant mixture depends upon the milling powder ratio used for processing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural characterization of nanocrystalline chromium carbides synthesized by high energy ball milling

Gomari

Sharafi

2010

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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“…3(1), the product is mainly composed of V 6 , 0 B x B 0.5) and then transform into Cr 3 C 2 during the transformation [27]. As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Thermal Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chromium carbide (Cr 3 C 2 ) shows high melting point (1890°C), good toughness and high antioxidant properties. V 8 C 7 and Cr 3 C 2 are the most effective inhibitors during the sintering of cemented tungsten carbides [5,6]. However, single V 8 C 7 or Cr 3 C 2 cannot effectively inhibit the grain growth of WC particles [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of vanadium and chromium carbides (V8C7–Cr3C2) nanocomposite via an in situ precursor method

Zhao

Zheng

et al. 2015

Rare Met.

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In situ synthesis method was used to prepare V 8 C 7 -Cr 3 C 2 nanocomposite. Ammonium vanadate, ammonium dichromate and nanometer carbon black were used as raw materials. The products were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques. The results show that V 8 C 7 -Cr 3 C 2 nanocomposite with an average crystallite size of 25.4 nm can be synthesized at 1200°C for 1 h. The synthesis temperature required by the method is at least 200°C lower than that required by the conventional approaches for preparing vanadium and chromium carbides. The powders show good dispersion and are mainly composed of spherical or nearly spherical particles with a mean diameter of about 30 nm. The weight loss ratio of the precursor throughout the reaction process reaches 58 wt%. Three exothermic peaks and four endothermic peaks occur during the reaction. The surface of the specimen is mainly composed of V, Cr, C and O elements.

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Mechanical–thermal synthesis of chromium carbides

Cited by 35 publications

References 12 publications

First Principles Investigation of Binary Chromium Carbides Cr7C3, Cr3C2 and Cr23C6: Electronic Structures, Mechanical Properties and Thermodynamic Properties under Pressure

First Principles Investigation of Binary Chromium Carbides Cr7C3, Cr3C2 and Cr23C6: Electronic Structures, Mechanical Properties and Thermodynamic Properties under Pressure

Microstructural characterization of nanocrystalline chromium carbides synthesized by high energy ball milling

Synthesis of vanadium and chromium carbides (V8C7–Cr3C2) nanocomposite via an in situ precursor method

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