Mechanical properties of α‐tricalcium phosphate‐based bone cements incorporating regenerative biomaterials for filling bone defects exposed to low mechanical loads

Abstract

Calcium phosphate-based cements with enhanced regenerative potential are promising biomaterials for the healing of bone defects in procedures such as percutaneous vertebroplasty. With a view to the use of such cements for low load bearing applications such as sinus augmentation or filling extraction sites. However, the inclusion of certain species into bone cement formulations has the potential to diminish the mechanical properties of the formulations and thereby reduce their prospects for clinical translation. Consequently, we have prepared α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP)-based bone cements including materials that we would expect to improve their regenerative potential, and describe the mechanical properties of the resulting formulations herein. Formulations incorporated α-TCP, hydroxyapatite, biopolymer-thickened wetting agents, sutures, and platelet poor plasma. The mechanical properties of the composites were composition dependent, and optimized formulations had clinically relevant mechanical properties. Such calcium phosphate-based cements have potential as replacements for cements such as those based on polymethylmethacrylate.

Biomineralization of Engineered Spider Silk Protein-Based Composite Materials for Bone Tissue Engineering

“…Data were normalized to DNA quantity. Statistical analysis via ANOVA (null hypothesis that all groups have the same true mean, p -value < 0.0001) was carried out within R [49], and one-way ANOVA statistics were calculated and interpreted with Tukey’s t -test, for which any interval that does not cross zero (the dashed line) is significant with an alpha = 0.05 [9]. …”

“…While non-biodegradable materials (e.g., metals, polyethylene and polyetheretherketone [2,3]) are commonly used to manufacture components for certain applications in bone tissue, for instance hip replacements, there are issues with these materials, such as inflammation, metal sensitivity and toxicity, and solutions to these issues are the subject of ongoing research [2,3]. Biodegradable materials are of particular interest because their eventual resorption allows them to be remodeled in vivo, and biodegradable polymer-based materials and composites based thereon are popular avenues of research [4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15]. …”

Bioactive Inorganic Materials for Dental Applications: A Narrative Review

“…For bone void filling and bone regeneration, TCPs had been used in dental surgery [ 103 ]. However, due to their poor mechanical properties, low cohesion, brittleness, and no macroporosity, their clinical applications were limited to non-loadbearing applications [ 96 , 104 ].…”

Favorable features of a calcium phosphate cement based on a metastable α ̅-tricalcium phosphate and reinforced by hydroxyapatite whiskers

“…Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) are widely applied for various medical purposes and mainly for bone defect filling. However, because of weak mechanical properties, their application is restricted to unloaded areas of human skeleton [1][2][3][4]. Although different approaches were proposed, the traditional reinforcement of solids (CPCs) by fibers (or whiskers) has been the most effective procedure.…”