Mechanical properties of short basalt fibre reinforced polypropylene and the effect of fibre sizing on adhesion

Ralph, Calvin; Lemoine, P.; Archer, Edward; McIlhagger, Alistair

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.107260

Cited by 51 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…In this regard, several functionalities have been investigated [ 26 ] in addition to the design of specific sizings. Recently, Ralph et al discussed the effects of four innovative sizings for basalt fibers optimized for PP, both at the fiber/matrix scale [ 27 ] and at the composite scale [ 28 ]. One sizing, by decreasing the polar component of the fiber’s surface energy, was found to be particularly effective in increasing the tensile and flexural properties of the resulting composites at the expense of the impact strength.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Cellulose–Basalt Polypropylene Composites with Enhanced Compatibility: The Role of Coupling Agent

et al. 2020

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This study deals with the development and optimization of hybrid composites integrating microcrystalline cellulose and short basalt fibers in a polypropylene (PP) matrix to maximize the mechanical properties of resulting composites. To this aim, the effects of two different coupling agents, endowed with maleic anhydride (MA-g(grafted)-PP) and acrylic acid (AA-g-PP) functionalities, on the composite properties were investigated as a function of their amount. Tensile, flexural, impact and heat deflection temperature tests highlighted the lower reactivity and effectiveness of AA-g-PP, regardless of reinforcement type. Hybrid formulations with basalt/cellulose (15/15) and with 5 wt. % of MA-g-PP displayed remarkable increases in tensile strength and modulus, flexural strength and modulus, and notched Charpy impact strength, of 45% and 284%, 97% and 263%, and 13%, in comparison with neat PP, respectively. At the same time, the thermo-mechanical stability was enhanced by 65% compared to neat PP. The results of this study, if compared with the ones available in the literature, reveal the ability of such a combination of reinforcements to provide materials suitable for automotive applications with environmental benefits.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Cellulose–Basalt Polypropylene Composites with Enhanced Compatibility: The Role of Coupling Agent

et al. 2020

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“…[ 7–11 ] These advantages make basalt fiber reinforced polypropylene composites (BFRPPs) to be more suitable for the higher demands occasion compared with ordinary PP composites. [ 12–15 ] The basalt fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites are still in the development stage around the world with great application prospects. [ 8,10,12,14 ] Nevertheless, BFRPPs will inevitably encounter fire situations during the service.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 12–15 ] The basalt fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites are still in the development stage around the world with great application prospects. [ 8,10,12,14 ] Nevertheless, BFRPPs will inevitably encounter fire situations during the service. Therefore, in addition to the mechanical properties, it is also important to understand the combustion and thermal stability properties of the BFRPPs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties, flame retardancy, and thermal stability of basalt fiber reinforced polypropylene composites

Wang

Zhong

et al. 2020

Polymer Composites

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In this article, the mechanical properties, flame retardancy, and thermal stability of basalt fiber reinforced polypropylene composites (BFRPPs) and polypropylene (PP) were investigated and compared. The combustion performance and thermal stability of BFRPPs and PP were evaluated by limiting oxygen index (LOI) test, cone calorimeter test (CCT), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results showed that basalt fibers could enhance mechanical properties, flame retardancy, and thermal stability of PP. With the increase of basalt fiber content, the strength and stiffness of BFRPPs increased significantly, and the elongation decreased obviously. Adding basalt fibers into PP could improve the LOI value. BFRPPs burned appreciably more slowly than PP under the same oxygen concentration. Simultaneously, BFRPPs indicated a better antimelt dripping effect than PP matrix. The heat release rate (HRR), total heat release (THR), rate of smoke release (RSR), and total smoke release (TSR) of BFRPPs decreased compared to PP matrix. Moreover, the addition of basalt fibers to PP could contribute to the formation of a more compact and continuous char layer, which effectively reduced the transfer of heat and oxygen, resulting in a better flame retardancy of BFRPPs.

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“…More importantly, the most common technique of processing thermoplastic composites is injection molding, which enables the production of large quantities of parts with complex shapes within strict dimensional tolerances [ 10 ]. Over the last several decades, basalt fibers (BFs) have come into consideration as potential reinforcement of composite materials [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ] due to their numerous attractive properties. Thermoplastic BF-reinforced composites are a realistic answer to market demands for materials with lower environmental impact, increased recyclability, ease of processing, and lower cost, while maintaining all of the thermal and mechanical benefits offered by composite materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interfacial Polarization in Thermoplastic Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Composites

2020

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The aim of this work was to study the interfacial behavior of basalt-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic blends of polypropylene and poly(butylene terephthalate) (PP/PBT). We examined the effect of two compatibilizers and two basalt fiber (BF) sizings: commercial (REF) and experimental (EXP). Differential scanning calorimetry was used to assess the influence of BFs on the phase structure of obtained composites. Furthermore, dielectric relaxation spectroscopy was used for the first time to non-destructively study the interfacial adhesion within an entire volume of BF-reinforced composites by assessing the α relaxation, DC conductivity, and Maxwell–Wagner–Sillars (MWS) polarization. The fiber–matrix adhesion was further investigated using the Havriliak–Negami model. Using complex plane analysis, the dielectric strength, which is inversely related to the adhesion, was calculated. The composites reinforced with EXP fibers showed significantly lower values of dielectric strength compared to the REF fibers, indicating better adhesion between the reinforcement and blend matrix. Static bending tests also confirmed improved fiber adhesion with EXP fibers, while also suggesting a synergistic effect between compatibilizer and sizing in enhancing interfacial properties. Thus, we conclude that substantially improved adhesion of PP/PBT BF-reinforced composites is the result of mutual interactions of functional groups of blend matrix, mostly from blend compatibilizer, and fiber surface due to sizing.

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Mechanical properties of short basalt fibre reinforced polypropylene and the effect of fibre sizing on adhesion

Cited by 51 publications

References 57 publications

Hybrid Cellulose–Basalt Polypropylene Composites with Enhanced Compatibility: The Role of Coupling Agent

Hybrid Cellulose–Basalt Polypropylene Composites with Enhanced Compatibility: The Role of Coupling Agent

Mechanical properties, flame retardancy, and thermal stability of basalt fiber reinforced polypropylene composites

Interfacial Polarization in Thermoplastic Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Composites

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