Mechanical properties of polymer thin film measured by the bulge test

Huang, Chun‐Kai; Lou, Wanli; Tsai, Chia-Lung; Wu, Tung‐Chuan; Lin, Hung‐Yi

doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2007.01.058

Cited by 67 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Destructive techniques generally involve design of test apparatus or applying load to execute the measurement on thin films, such as tensile test [2][3][4][5], bulge test [6][7][8], bending test [9] and nanoindentation [10,11]. Among those techniques, nanoindentation is the most popular one that can simultaneously determine both hardness and elastic constant of a thin film.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of average X-ray strain (AXS) on TiN hard coatings using cos2αsin2ψ X-ray diffraction method

Wang

Chuang

et al. 2015

Surface and Coatings Technology

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Keywords:Average X-ray strain (AXS) Average effective X-ray elastic constant (AEXEC) Cos 2 αsin 2 ψ method High energy X-ray Laser curvature method TiN hard coating For stress measurement on thin films and coatings using X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods, the uncertainty is commonly acknowledged to be from elastic constants. However, the uncertainty can be due to the statistical fluctuation of strain measured by XRD. In this study, we proposed a method where the average X-ray strain (AXS) was determined using cos 2 αsin 2 ψ XRD technique at several rotational (ϕ) angles to improve the accuracy of the measurement of X-ray stress or X-ray elastic constants (XECs). The major concept was to increase sampling volume by measuring X-ray strain at multiple rotational angles. TiN hard coating on Si (100) substrate was selected as the model system, where the residual stress was determined by laser curvature technique and the accompanying lattice strain was measured by cos 2 αsin 2 ψ method. The average effective elastic constant (AEXEC) could be attained by substituting the residual stress into the slope of AXS vs. cos 2 αsin 2 ψ plot. The AEXEC was served as an indicator to validate the AXS measurement. By substituting AEXEC in conventional sin 2 ψ XRD stress measurement, the deviation of the result from the stress obtained by laser curvature method was less than 7%, indicating that AXS effectively reduced the uncertainty in XECs and thus increased the accuracy of stress measurement. The concept of increasing sampling volume was also confirmed using synchrotron X-ray source, where the statistical fluctuation in X-ray strain could be further reduced by performing the measurement at all azimuthal direction. The experimental results showed that the uncertainty on XEC measurement by sin 2 ψ method was less than 10%, if sufficient sampling volume was provided. Furthermore, using AXS and elastic constant measured by nanoindentation (E NIP ) to calculate X-ray stress, the stress deviation from that by laser curvature method could be substantially reduced even down to 3% with sufficient sampling points. Therefore, AXS may serve as a convenient parameter, when combining with E NIP , in X-ray stress measurement, by which residual stress of hard coatings comparable to that by laser curvature method can be obtained without using XECs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of average X-ray strain (AXS) on TiN hard coatings using cos2αsin2ψ X-ray diffraction method

Wang

Chuang

et al. 2015

Surface and Coatings Technology

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“…(17), in which c is the undetermined integral constant. Thus the general solution (satisfies the boundary condition (14a)) of Eq.…”

Section: The Membrane Equation and The Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A variety of techniques have been employed to measure the elastic constants of thin films, for example, tensile test [7][8][9], substrate curvature technique [10][11][12][13], bulge test [14][15][16][17], microbeam bending or deflection technique [18,19], nanoindentation (NIP) [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27], resonant ultrasound spectroscopy [28][29][30], surface guided wave technique [31][32][33], X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique [34,35], combination of 2 sin ψ X-ray diffraction and laser curvature methods [36,37], combination of acoustic microscopy and nanoindentation method [38,39]. Among the above-mentioned methods, it is available in a few cases that the methods are able to simultaneously determine the Poisson's ratio and Young's modulus of elasticity for functional thin films and thin film structures, but usually either Poisson's ratio or modulus of elasticity should be assumed a priori for determining the other one.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A practical method for simultaneous determination of Poisson’s ratio and Young’s modulus of elasticity of thin films

et al. 2011

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In this paper, based on the exact analytical solution of axisymmetric deformation of the circular membrane fixed at its edge under the action of uniformly-distributed loads, we propose a new method to be able to simultaneously determine Poisson's ratio and Young's modulus of elasticity for thin films. We also present a set of exact formulas used for simultaneously determining Poisson's ratio and Young's modulus of elasticity for free-standing thin films or coating thin films without residual stresses or pre-tension. This method has the advantages of simplicity and reliability, and it doesn't involve the substrate effect.

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“…Imaging was performed with Veeco Innova Scanning Probe Microscope operating in tapping mode, with oxide-sharpened silicon probes (RTESPA-CP) at resonant frequency of ≈300 kHz. The mechanical properties of the single layer nanofilms were evaluated by a bulging test, described in details in the literature (Huang et al 2007). The experimental setup for the measurement of the elastic modulus is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Fabrication and Characterization Of Pla Nanofilmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adhesion and proliferation of skeletal muscle cells on single layer poly(lactic acid) ultra-thin films

Ricotti

Taccola

Pensabene

et al. 2010

Biomed Microdevices

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An increasing interest in bio-hybrid systems and cell-material interactions is evident in the last years. This leads towards the development of new nano-structured devices and the assessment of their biocompatibility. In the present study, the development of free-standing single layer poly(lactic acid) (PLA) ultra-thin films is described, together with the analysis of topography and roughness properties. The biocompatibility of the PLA films has been tested in vitro, by seeding C2C12 skeletal muscle cells, and thus assessing cells shape, density and viability after 24, 48 and 72 h. The results show that free-standing flexible PLA nanofilms represent a good matrix for C2C12 cells adhesion, spreading and proliferation. Early differentiation into myotubes is also allowed. The biocompatibility of the novel ultra-thin films as substrates for cell growth promotes their application in the fields of regenerative medicine, muscle tissue engineering, drug delivery, and-in general-in the field of bio-hybrid devices.

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Mechanical properties of polymer thin film measured by the bulge test

Cited by 67 publications

References 12 publications

Determination of average X-ray strain (AXS) on TiN hard coatings using cos2αsin2ψ X-ray diffraction method

Determination of average X-ray strain (AXS) on TiN hard coatings using cos2αsin2ψ X-ray diffraction method

A practical method for simultaneous determination of Poisson’s ratio and Young’s modulus of elasticity of thin films

Adhesion and proliferation of skeletal muscle cells on single layer poly(lactic acid) ultra-thin films

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