Mechanical Properties of Polylactide Admixed with Carbon Nanotubes or Graphene Nanopowder

Szatkowski, Piotr; Czechowski, L.; Gralewski, J.; Szatkowska, Martyna

doi:10.3390/ma14205955

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In comparison to the research on composites based on PLA and carbon additives [ 39 ], cellulose-based additives exhibited a weaker delay in the UV-aging process than carbon-based additives because of the different aging mechanisms. Carbon-based additives undergo radiation absorption due to their volume.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Aging Process of Biocomposites with the PLA Matrix Modified with Different Types of Cellulose

Szatkowski,

Gralewski,

Suchorowiec

et al. 2023

Materials

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In the modern world, many products are disposable or have a very short lifespan, while at the same time, those products are made from materials that will remain in the environment in the form of waste for hundreds or even thousands of years. It is a serious problem; non-biodegradable polymer wastes are part of environmental pollution and generate microplastics, which accumulate in the organisms of living beings. One of the proposed solutions is biodegradable polymers and their composites. In our work, three types of polylactide-based composites with plant-derived fillers: microcellulose powder, short flax fibers, and wood flour at 2 wt.% were prepared. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)-based biocomposite properties were characterized in terms of mechanical and surface properties together with microscopic analysis and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), before and after a UV (ultraviolet)-light-aging process to determine the effects of each cellulose-based additive on the UV-induced degradation process. This research shows that the addition of a cellulose additive can improve the properties of the material in terms of the UV-aging process, but the form of the chosen cellulose form plays a crucial role in this case. The testing of physicochemical properties demonstrated that not only can mechanical properties be improved, but also the time of degradation under UV light exposure can be controlled by the proper selection of the reinforcing phase and the parameters of the extrusion and injection molding process. The obtained results turned out to be very interesting, not only in terms of the cost reduction of the biocomposites themselves, as mainly the waste from the wood industry was used as a low-cost filler, but also that the additive delays the aging process occurring during UV light exposure. Even a small, 2 wt.% addition of some of the tested forms of cellulose delayed surface degradation, which is one of the most important factors affecting the biodegradation process.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Aging Process of Biocomposites with the PLA Matrix Modified with Different Types of Cellulose

Szatkowski,

Gralewski,

Suchorowiec

et al. 2023

Materials

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“…Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have excellent potential to offer extraordinary mechanical properties, antibacterial efficiency, and good electrical and thermal conductivity [7][8][9]. The CNTs aspect ratio, filler-filler interaction, polymer-filler interaction, and other processing parameters (shear rate, mixing time, and temperature) are among the factors that contribute to the final nanocomposite's properties [10,11]. When PLA is reinforced with nanoparticles, the desired performance is created for advanced applications [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Yield and Electrical Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid)/Carbon Nanotube Composites by Shear and Anneal

Zhao

Bai

2023

Materials

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Shear and thermal processing can greatly influence nanoparticles’ orientation and dispersion, affecting the nanocomposites’ conductivity and mechanical properties. The synergistic effects of shear flow and Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) nucleating ability on the crystallization mechanisms have been proven. In this study, Polylactic acid/Carbon nanotubes (PLA/CNTs) nanocomposites were produced by three different molding methods: compression molding (CM), conventional injection molding (IM), and interval injection molding (IntM). Solid annealing at 80 °C for 4 h and pre-melt annealing at 120 °C for 3 h was applied to research the CNTs’ nucleation effect and the crystallized volume exclusion effect on the electrical conductivity and mechanical properties. The volume exclusion effect only significantly impacts the oriented CNTs, causing the conductivity along the transverse direction to rise by about seven orders of magnitude. In addition, the tensile modulus of the nanocomposites decreases with the increased crystallinity, while the tensile strength and modulus decrease.

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“…As a high-performance filler, carbon nanotubes (CNT) can effectively enhance the interfacial adhesion between resin and fiber [ 9 ]. Adding a small amount of CNT can significantly improve the properties of the material [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Carbon Nanotubes on the Mechanical, Crystallization, Electrical and Thermal Conductivity Properties of CNT/CCF/PEKK Composites

et al. 2022

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Carbon nanotube/continuous carbon fiber–reinforced poly(etherketoneketone) (CNT/CCF/PEKK) prepreg tapes were prepared by the wet powder impregnation method, and then the prepreg tapes were molded into laminates. The effects of carbon nanotubes on the mechanical properties, conductivity, thermal conductivity and crystallinity of the composites were studied by universal testing machine, thermal conductivity and resistivity tester, dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The results show that when the content of carbon nanotubes is 0.5 wt% (relative to the mass of PEKK resin, the same below), the flexural strength and interlaminar shear strength of the laminates reach the maximum, which are increased by 15.99% and 18.16%, respectively, compared with the laminates without carbon nanotubes. The results of conductivity and thermal conductivity show that the higher the content of carbon nanotubes, the better the conductivity and thermal conductivity of the material. DSC results show that the addition of CNT promoted the crystallization of PEKK in the material and decreased the cold crystallization of PEKK. DMA results show that the deformation resistance of the material can be improved by adding an appropriate amount of CNT and the bonding between CF and PEKK can be enhanced, while excessive CNT destroys this phenomenon.

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Mechanical Properties of Polylactide Admixed with Carbon Nanotubes or Graphene Nanopowder

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Aging Process of Biocomposites with the PLA Matrix Modified with Different Types of Cellulose

Aging Process of Biocomposites with the PLA Matrix Modified with Different Types of Cellulose

Improved Yield and Electrical Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid)/Carbon Nanotube Composites by Shear and Anneal

Effect of Carbon Nanotubes on the Mechanical, Crystallization, Electrical and Thermal Conductivity Properties of CNT/CCF/PEKK Composites

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