Mechanical properties comparison of PLA, tough PLA and PC 3D printed materials with infill structure – Influence of infill pattern on tensile mechanical properties

Pandžić, Adi; Hodžić, Damir

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/1208/1/012019

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The choice to use technical PLA was determined by the need to obtain greater mechanical resistance than that which would be obtained using non-technical PLA filaments. Furthermore, the technical filament showed less brittleness than standard PLA (Pandzic and Hodzic, 2021). The diameter of the filament is 2.85 ± 0.10 mm, with a density of 1.22 g/cm 3 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Energy absorption of PLA (Polylactic Acid) - based metamaterials manufactured by material extrusion: dynamic loads and shape recovery

Pia,

Annamaria,

Barletta

2023

Preprint

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An investigation of the behaviour of solid cell structures made of Polylactic Acid (PLA) by material extrusion was conducted. The studied structures are Strut-Based, TPMS (Triply Periodic Minimal Surfaces) and Spinodal. To evaluate the performance of the different structures, impact tests were carried out. Through failure tests, the structures were divided into three macro-categories according to their capacity to absorb the impact energy: low, medium and high. Subsequently, the samples that showed a lower deformation for each macro-category were selected for a second step. In the second step, cyclic loads of the deformation by impact were applied to the samples. Immediately after, the deformed samples were submitted to shape recovery by dipping them in a thermostatic bath at a temperature (70°C) higher than the glass transition of the PLA. Based on the experimental evidence, the most performing geometries were the TPMS, both for high and medium impact energies, exhibiting few internal defects. Conversely, the Spinodal structures exhibited good behaviour at low impact energies, but they were less suitable for cyclic tests due to their geometric features. The "Strut-based" structures, despite having the same density as the TPMS, were not suitable for cyclic tests due to their overall poor mechanical strength.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Energy absorption of PLA (Polylactic Acid) - based metamaterials manufactured by material extrusion: dynamic loads and shape recovery

Pia,

Annamaria,

Barletta

2023

Preprint

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“…Pandzic and Hodzic (2021) investigated the sample mechanical properties (tensile strength and elastic modulus) of PLA, tough PLA and PC materials using FDM technology with varying infill structure. The study results showed that infill pattern had a critical influence on tensile strength of the three selected materials.…”

Section: Study Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of tensile strength of fused deposition modelling (FDM) part using artificial neural network and genetic algorithm techniques

Boppana,

Ali

2023

IJIEOM

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PurposeThis paper presents an experimental investigation in establishing the relationship between FDM process parameters and tensile strength of polycarbonate (PC) samples using the I-Optimal design.Design/methodology/approachI-optimal design methodology is used to plan the experiments by means of Minitab-17.1 software. Samples are manufactured using Stratsys FDM 400mc and tested as per ISO standards. Additionally, an artificial neural network model was developed and compared to the regression model in order to select an appropriate model for optimisation. Finally, the genetic algorithm (GA) solver is executed for improvement of tensile strength of FDM built PC components.FindingsThis study demonstrates that the selected process parameters (raster angle, raster to raster air gap, build orientation about Y axis and the number of contours) had significant effect on tensile strength with raster angle being the most influential factor. Increasing the build orientation about Y axis produced specimens with compact structures that resulted in improved fracture resistance.Research limitations/implicationsThe fitted regression model has a p-value less than 0.05 which suggests that the model terms significantly represent the tensile strength of PC samples. Further, from the normal probability plot it was found that the residuals follow a straight line, thus the developed model provides adequate predictions. Furthermore, from the validation runs, a close agreement between the predicted and actual values was seen along the reference line which further supports satisfactory model predictions.Practical implicationsThis study successfully investigated the effects of the selected process parameters - raster angle, raster to raster air gap, build orientation about Y axis and the number of contours - on tensile strength of PC samples utilising the I-optimal design and ANOVA. In addition, for prediction of the part strength, regression and ANN models were developed. The selected ANN model was optimised using the GA-solver for determination of optimal parameter settings.Originality/valueThe proposed ANN-GA approach is more appropriate to establish the non-linear relationship between the selected process parameters and tensile strength. Further, the proposed ANN-GA methodology can assist in manufacture of various industrial products with Nylon, polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) and PET as new 3DP materials.

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“…Accurately characterizing the electrical properties of 3D printed flexible materials is the first step to designing flexible hybrid electronics systems. Even materials of the same type from different manufacturers can exhibit variations in their dielectric properties due to differences in fabrication methods and material composition 15 . Thus, it is necessary to create a comprehensive library of common 3D printed flexible materials for different applications.…”

Section: Additively Manufactured Materials Characterizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additively manufactured flexible on-package phased array antennas for 5G/mmWave wearable and conformal digital twin and massive MIMO applications

Zhou

Sitaraman

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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This paper thoroughly investigates material characterization, reliability evaluation, fabrication, and assembly processes of additively manufactured flexible packaging and reconfigurable on-package antenna arrays for next-generation 5G/mmWave wearable and conformal applications. The objective is to bridge the technology gap in current Flexible Hybrid Electronics (FHE) designs at mmWave frequencies and address the challenges of establishing future design standards for additively manufactured flexible packages and System-on-Package (SoP) integrated modules. Multiple 3D printed flexible materials have been characterized for their electrical and mechanical properties over the 5G/mmW frequency band (26–40 GHz), and the inkjet printed interconnects on 3D printed Polypropylene (PP) substrates demonstrated excellent electrical and mechanical performance during a 10,000-time cyclic bending test over typical wearable flexible radii down to 1 inch. A proof-of-concept flexible on-package phased array with an integrated microfluidic cooling channel on 3D printed substrates was fabricated and measured, demonstrating $$\pm 37^{\circ }$$ ± 37 ∘ beam steering capability with efficient cooling. The proposed reconfigurable design and low-temperature fabrication approach using additive manufacturing can be widely applied to next-generation highly-complex on-demand FHE, flexible multi-chip-module integration, and on-package phased-array modules for 5G/mmWave wearable and conformal smart skin, digital twin and massive MIMO applications.

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Mechanical properties comparison of PLA, tough PLA and PC 3D printed materials with infill structure – Influence of infill pattern on tensile mechanical properties

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

Energy absorption of PLA (Polylactic Acid) - based metamaterials manufactured by material extrusion: dynamic loads and shape recovery

Energy absorption of PLA (Polylactic Acid) - based metamaterials manufactured by material extrusion: dynamic loads and shape recovery

Improvement of tensile strength of fused deposition modelling (FDM) part using artificial neural network and genetic algorithm techniques

Additively manufactured flexible on-package phased array antennas for 5G/mmWave wearable and conformal digital twin and massive MIMO applications

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