Mechanical properties and compositional characteristics of beet (Beta vulgaris L.) varieties and their response to nitrogen application

Abstract

Mechanical properties of sugar beet are important during harvesting and processing. To potentially correlate mechanical properties with structural features of cell wall polymers, four different Beta varieties (Beta vulgaris L.) were characterized for their mechanical properties and cell wall composition. In addition, the influence of nitrogen fertilization was analyzed. Additional nitrogen fertilization only slightly influenced mechanical properties and cell wall composition. Hardly any structural differences of cell wall polysaccharides were observed for all Beta varieties. Slight differences in alcohol insoluble residue and protein contents, in amino acid profiles of proteins, and in esterification degree of pectins were found. The Beta varieties differed in their contents of cell wall bound phenolic components, and particularly in their dry matter contents. Analyses of mechanical properties of the Beta varieties demonstrated differences in tissue firmness and compressive strength. However, no evidence was found that the observed differences of cell wall composition are responsible for the divergent mechanical properties, with the exception of water contents that were higher in samples with less compressive strength.

Molekulare Charakterisierung ferulasäurehaltiger Polysaccharidgele

“…Protein 2,3 ± 0,1 4,3 ± 0,01 4,4 ± 0,02 4,3 ± 0,00 2,6 ± 0,02 3,2 ± 0,1 Asche 6,4 ± 0,4 2,5 ± 0,01 2,4 ± 0,1 0,9 ± 0,02 4,0 ± 0,1 3,8 ± 0,2 dn dc 0,125 0,132 0,137 0,124 0,142 0,145 gezeigt werden (Guillon et al, 1989;Oosterveld et al, 2000c;Schäfer et al, 2020). t-Glcp 1,0 ± 0,1 0,2 ± 0,0 0,3 ± 0,0 0,5 ± 0,0 0,6 ± 0,0 0,3 ± 0,0 1,4-Glcp 1,8 ± 0,1 1,8 ± 0,0 4,7 ± 0,2 5,7 ± 0,5 1,9 ± 0,0 2,0 ± 0,1 2,8 ± 0,0 1,9 ± 0,0 4,9 ± 0,1 6,2 ± 0,2 2,5 ± 0,0 2,3 ± 0,0…”

Mathematical Model of Root Crop Digging with Longitudinal Vibrations

“…Substituting (17) into (16), we obtain the function as a function of the parameters α 1 , α 2 , …, α n :…”

“…Therefore there is a need for further development of new provisions of the theory of vibrational digging of root crops, which can be efficiently used to substantiate the design parameters of more advanced digging working bodies of the root harvesting machines [14][15][16]. In particular, when simulating vibrational digging, a root crop in the soil (actually fixed in it) can, with a certain degree of accuracy, be presented as an elastic rod with one end fixed in an elastic damping medium, which is subject to vibrations, transmitted from a vibrating digging working body.…”

High stability of genotypic differences in puncture resistance of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) roots under various growing conditions

“…This method was further developed by Kleuker and Hoffmann (2019), who showed a close correlation between puncture resistance and tissue firmness. Genotypic differences in Beta varieties concerning their mechanical properties have been reported (Kleuker & Hoffmann, 2020, 2021; Schäfer et al, 2020). To date, most of the research on mechanical properties of sugar beet has been carried out on mature beets.…”