Mechanical performance of gelatin fiber mesh scaffolds reinforced with nano-hydroxyapatite under bone damage mechanisms

Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticle Mesogens: Morphogenesis of pH-Sensitive Macromolecular Liquid Crystals

“…Stronger core–core interactions are associated to the formation of pseudo-hexagonal mesophases than for the formation of their hexagonal counterparts because the cores of one column have to “know” exactly how they must be tilted with respect to the cores of the neighboring columns . These facts reinforce our observations achieved in the thermodynamic study, Section , and in previous studies ,− where we have proved that the presence of nano-HA coerce, with straight concentration dependence, the interaction among different macromolecules. Taking into consideration the coil and folded configuration of PAA in the presence of VI-HA-PA and III-HA-αAP, respectively, Figure b,c, a schematic organization of the mesophases is proposed, where VI-HA-PA/PAA probably acts as a calamitic mesogen and III-HA-αAP/PAA behaves as a discotic one.…”

“…5,10,11 Along this line, we have successfully created bone-mimetic hydroxyapatite nano-rods (nano-HA) 12 coerce, with a straight concentration dependence, the interactions among hydrolyzed collagen peptide units, 15 sodium alginate, 16,17 membrane phospholipids, 13 soluble blood serum proteins, 18,19 and blood plasma. 20 Furthermore, 3D gelatin fiber mesh and sodium alginate scaffolds reinforced with our nano-HA displayed mineralization 15−17 and a mechanical 17,21 performance that validate their use in bone therapies.…”

“…However, this aspect has not yet been properly recognized among scientists belonging to the disciplines of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. , To the best of our knowledge, and although it is a fundamental aspect of bone tissue, , the exploration of the design of biocompatible nano-apatite lyotropic liquid crystal platforms has begun very recently. ,, Along this line, we have successfully created bone-mimetic hydroxyapatite nano-rods (nano-HA) − that coerce, with a straight concentration dependence, the interactions among hydrolyzed collagen peptide units, sodium alginate, , membrane phospholipids, soluble blood serum proteins, , and blood plasma . Furthermore, 3D gelatin fiber mesh and sodium alginate scaffolds reinforced with our nano-HA displayed mineralization − and a mechanical , performance that validate their use in bone therapies.…”

3D printed gelatin/decellularized bone composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: Fabrication, characterization and cytocompatibility study

“…demonstrated that the effect of hydroxyapatite crystals on mechanical properties of GEL matrix exhibited interconnected micro-and macro-porosity [ 73 ]. Particles disturbed the polymer hydro-dynamic environment and have the potential to modulate hydrogel relaxation by influencing the scaffold structure and its mechanical properties, which confirms the effect of dbPTs on scaffold relaxation [ 73 ]. The Young's modulus of the scaffolds was quantified by fitting the slope of the linear elastic deformation region from stress-strain data between 5% and 10% deformation.…”

Applications of Biomaterials in 3D Cell Culture and Contributions of 3D Cell Culture to Drug Development and Basic Biomedical Research

“…Several natural and synthetic polymers, including collagen, gelatine, hyaluronic acid, alginate, chitosan, silk, PLA, PLGA, and others, have been used for the fabrication of fibrous scaffolds [ 124 , 129 , 131 , 132 ]. The fiber mesh is either knitted or woven into 3D patterns of different pore sizes [ 133 ]. However, these materials do not have sufficient mechanical and structural stability.…”