Mechanical methods of venous thromboembolism prevention – from the guidelines to the clinical practice

Abstract

Mechanical antithrombotic prophylaxis 335 postthrombotic syndrome treatment costs, vastly outweigh the costs of antithrombotic prophylaxis. Based on research studies and observational data, the widely available methods of prophylaxis are highly effective, also in terms of the costs. 3 The majority of hospitalized patients are burdened with at least 1 risk factor for VTE. The risk factors include age of more than 40 years, obesity (body mass index >30 kg/m 2), positive family history of VTE, multiorgan trauma, stroke, paresis or paraplegia, long-term immobilization, cancer, previous VTE, congenital or acquired thrombophilia, sepsis, New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class III or IV, respiratory failure, autoimmune diseases, nephrotic syndrome, myeloproliferative disease, nocturnal paroxysmal hemoglobinuria, external venous compression (eg, tumor, hematoma, and arterial malformation), pregnancy and puerperium, long-term immobilization associated with travel (eg, long-distance flight), varicose veins in the lower limbs, obesity, and acute infection. 1,3 The risk factors related to diagnostic and therapeutic interventions are surgical procedures (especially major surgery in the lower limbs, pelvis, and abdomen), catheter placement in large veins, anticancer treatment (chemotherapy), hormonal treatment, use of angiogenesis inhibitors, use of oral contraceptives,

Tromboembolismo pulmonar: dos aspectos epidemiológicos ao tratamento / Pulmonary thromboembolism: from epidemiological aspects to treatment

“…ex., risco de sangramento), custos relativos e facilidade de uso (BRIEN L, 2019). Nas situações onde é recomendado o tratamento farmacológico, pode ser feito o uso em doses baixas de heparina não-fracionada, de heparina de baixo peso molecular ou da varfarina (CAMPELLO E, et al, 2019;TAMOWICZ B, et al, 2019). A respeito do tratamento não-farmacológico, tem-se o uso de dispositivos, meia elástica de compressão e de filtro na veia cava inferior (BRIEN L, 2019;TAMOWICZ B, et al, 2019).…”

“…Nas situações onde é recomendado o tratamento farmacológico, pode ser feito o uso em doses baixas de heparina não-fracionada, de heparina de baixo peso molecular ou da varfarina (CAMPELLO E, et al, 2019;TAMOWICZ B, et al, 2019). A respeito do tratamento não-farmacológico, tem-se o uso de dispositivos, meia elástica de compressão e de filtro na veia cava inferior (BRIEN L, 2019;TAMOWICZ B, et al, 2019). Por último, a atividade física regular também é uma forma de prevenção do TEP; não obstante, todas essas medidas podem e devem ser utilizadas concomitantemente (TAMOWICZ B, et al, 2019).…”

“…A respeito do tratamento não-farmacológico, tem-se o uso de dispositivos, meia elástica de compressão e de filtro na veia cava inferior (BRIEN L, 2019;TAMOWICZ B, et al, 2019). Por último, a atividade física regular também é uma forma de prevenção do TEP; não obstante, todas essas medidas podem e devem ser utilizadas concomitantemente (TAMOWICZ B, et al, 2019).…”

<p>Microbial Modulation of Coagulation Disorders in Venous Thromboembolism</p>

“…The incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is difficult to assess because it often has an asymptomatic course. 10 Sometimes, it is misdiagnosed and unrecognized even after the patient's death due to the lack of routine post-mortem examinations. 11 VTE is the third cardiovascular cause of death after myocardial infarction and stroke, and increases steeply with age.…”

Differences in Body Composition among Patientsafter Hemorrhagic and Ischemic Stroke

“…Body composition disorders leading to obesity are a risk factor for the development of hypertension and diabetes mellitus and their complications play an important indirect role in stroke epidemiology. Moreover, this condition is associated with the activity of strong cytokines, affecting the activity of the sympathetic nervous system, the renin-angiotensin axis, endothelial function, and microcirculation [22][23][24]. In the authors' research, it was hypothesized that people after ischemic stroke had significantly worse body composition compared to those following hemorrhagic stroke and are therefore more likely to experience stroke.…”