Mechanical load testing of solar panels — Beyond certification testing

Gabor, Andrew M.; Janoch, Rob; Anselmo, Andrew; Lincoln, Jason; Seigneur, Hubert; Honeker, Christian C.

doi:10.1109/pvsc.2016.7750338

Cited by 26 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Even though the quality and reliability of PV modules have increased in recent years, the modules are prone to degradation when experiencing multiple environmental stressors under field conditions. The main environmental stressor that can adversely affect the reliability of PV module are as follows 50–52 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative degradation analysis of different photovoltaic technologies on experimentally simulated water bodies and estimation of evaporation loss reduction

Kumar

Gupta

2020

Progress in Photovoltaics

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Degradation of photovoltaic (PV) systems on water bodies can be matter of serious concern due to high humid environmental conditions above water surface as compared with land surface. The primary objective of this study is to assess the reliability of various PV technologies for megawatt‐scale installations by analyzing their degradation on water bodies. An experimental study has been performed for 13 months on three commercially available PV technologies, namely, multicrystalline‐Si (m‐Si), heterojunction intrinsic thin layer (HIT), and cadmium telluride (CdTe). Degradation of these PV technologies on water and comparison of their degradation with respective land‐mounted PV technologies have been presented. Various approaches have been implemented for degradation analysis. The degradation in electrical parameters of all PV modules has been measured. Also, a mathematical PV model has been developed to analyze the internal parameters degradation in different PV technologies. Moreover, thermal imaging has been conducted to distinguish various defects in all PV modules. Evaporation reduction is a significant aspect of water‐mounted PV systems, and thus, analytical model to estimate evaporation has been developed and experimentally validated in this study. The HIT PV technology is observed to be degrading almost at the same rate of about 0.50% on both water and land surfaces, whereas degradation of water‐mounted m‐Si module has been found 1.32% which is significantly higher than the corresponding land‐mounted module which has degradation of 0.93%. Degradation in CdTe modules is 1.68% on water, which is marginally higher than corresponding land‐based module that has degradation of 1.41%.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative degradation analysis of different photovoltaic technologies on experimentally simulated water bodies and estimation of evaporation loss reduction

Kumar

Gupta

2020

Progress in Photovoltaics

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“…Сказанное выше делает этот метод наиболее достоверным способом определения истинной прочности тонких пластин. В последнее время его часто используют для измерения прочности кремниевых пластин различного размера [19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. Однако при определении напряжений в случае осесимметричного изгиба для тонких пластин возникают трудности при анализе напряженного состояния и расчете величины прочности.…”

Section: измерение прочностных характеристикunclassified

“…В [19] подробно рассмотрены различные методы расчета напряжений при изгибе тонких пластин: аналитические [26], численные [20][21][22][23][24][25] и экспериментальные [25,27,28]. Было показано, что формулами линейной теории упругости [26] можно пользоваться только в области крайне малых значений действующей силы и прогиба.…”

Section: измерение прочностных характеристикunclassified

Влияние Текстурирования Поверхности Пластин Кремния Для Солнечных Фотопреобразователей На Их Прочностные Свойства

Шпейзман¹,

Николаев²,

Поздняков³

et al. 2020

Журнал Технической Физики

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Важной технологической операцией для повышения эффективности солнечных преобразователей на основе кремния является создание на поверхности кремния текстур с размерами шероховатостей, близкими к длинам волн видимого света. Рассмотрено влияние различных вариантов структурирования поверхности кремниевых пластин на их прочностные свойства. Рассмотрены четыре вида поверхностных текстур кремния: после избирательного травления в щелочном растворе, пирамидально текстурированные поверхности, текстурированные с помощью окисления под тонким слоем V2O5 и после высокотемпературного отжига и обработки в HF. Получены электронно-микроскопические изображения всех четырех текстур, и измерена прочность методом "кольцо-в-кольцо" по-разному текстурированных пластин кремния. Методом конечных элементов рассчитаны зависимости максимальных напряжений и прогиб под малым кольцом от нагрузки. Совпадение последней с экспериментом служило критерием правильности определения прочности пластин. Рассчитаны средние значения и среднеквадратичные отклонения прочности для каждой из четырех групп пластин кремния. Ключевые слова: кремний для солнечных преобразователей, структура поверхности, расчет напряжений, прочность.

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] To study crack propagation, mostly climate chambers and static loading, for example, using sand sacks, were used. Buerhop et al and Gabor et al studied the performance of modules during static and cyclic loading using a specialized setup, 7,8 where EL measurements as well as power data were recorded at loaded and unloaded stages. In addition to the indoor experiments, Buerhop-Lutz et al studied the performance of modules with cracked cells at an on-site test facility in detail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep‐learning‐based pipeline for module power prediction from electroluminescense measurements

Hoffmann¹,

Buerhop‐Lutz

Reeb

et al. 2021

Progress in Photovoltaics

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Automated inspection plays an important role in monitoring large-scale photovoltaic power plants. Commonly, electroluminescense measurements are used to identify various types of defects on solar modules, but have not been used to determine the power of a module. However, knowledge of the power at maximum power point is important as well, since drops in the power of a single module can affect the performance of an entire string. By now, this is commonly determined by measurements that require to discontact or even dismount the module, rendering a regular inspection of individual modules infeasible. In this work, we bridge the gap between electroluminescense measurements and the power determination of a module. We compile a large dataset of 719 electroluminescense measurements of modules at various stages of degradation, especially cell cracks and fractures, and the corresponding power at maximum power point. Here, we focus on inactive regions and cracks as the predominant type of defect. We set up a baseline regression model to predict the power from electroluminescense measurements with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 9.0 ± 8.4W P (4.0 ± 3.7%). Then, we show that deep learning can be used to train a model that performs significantly better (7.3 ± 6.5W P or 3.2 ± 2.7%) and propose a variant of class activation maps to obtain the per cell power loss, as predicted by the model. With this work, we aim to open a new research topic. Therefore, we publicly release the dataset, the code, and trained models to empower other researchers to compare against our results. Finally, we present a thorough evaluation of certain boundary conditions like the dataset size and an automated preprocessing pipeline for on-site measurements showing multiple modules at once.

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Mechanical load testing of solar panels — Beyond certification testing

Cited by 26 publications

References 7 publications

Comparative degradation analysis of different photovoltaic technologies on experimentally simulated water bodies and estimation of evaporation loss reduction

Comparative degradation analysis of different photovoltaic technologies on experimentally simulated water bodies and estimation of evaporation loss reduction

Влияние Текстурирования Поверхности Пластин Кремния Для Солнечных Фотопреобразователей На Их Прочностные Свойства

Deep‐learning‐based pipeline for module power prediction from electroluminescense measurements

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