Mechanical Durability and Grindability of Pellets after Torrefaction Process

Dyjakon, Arkadiusz; Noszczyk, Tomasz; Mostek, Agata

doi:10.3390/en14206772

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Torrefaction is a common pre-production technique that directly affects the quality of the pellets. Despite its benefits in improving pellet density by reducing the moisture content, enhancing the grinding properties, and altering the chemical compositions [144], it has been observed that torrefied materials have diminished durability properties [136,138,163]. This finding is supported by the analyzed data, as demonstrated by the significantly lower mechanical durability values in torrefied wheat straw pellets compared to non-torrefied pellets (Table 3).…”

Section: Mechanical Durabilitymentioning

confidence: 81%

Insights into Properties of Biomass Energy Pellets Made from Mixtures of Woody and Non-Woody Biomass: A Meta-Analysis

Rupasinghe,

Perera,

Bandara

et al. 2023

Energies

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There is a widespread global shift toward renewable energy sources, where the emphasis is on enhancing the utilization of renewable energy due to the rising costs associated with fossil fuels. In this light, biomass pellets made from woody and non-woody biomass and blends have gained increased attention. Extensive research has been conducted globally to enhance the quality of biomass pellets and to explore the potential to combine woody biomass with other non-woody forms of biomass in biomass pellet production. The heterogeneity of the raw materials used and resulting properties of the biomass pellets have led to the establishment of internationally recognized benchmarks such as the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 17225 standard to regulate pellet quality. In this article, the key mechanical, physical, chemical, and energy properties of pellets made of different non-woody herbaceous biomass are investigated, and the available test values for such properties of the pellets were meta-analyzed. A comparison of the properties of these pellets with the relevant standards was also performed. A meta-analysis of studies on biomass pellet production was conducted via a comprehensive Systematic Literature Review (SLR). The SLR focuses on determining and analyzing the average values for the key physical properties of biomass pellets using woody biomass as a component in concert with other biomass materials. In addition, the optimal range of mixtures of woody and non-woody biomass was reviewed to produce biomass pellets with potential acceptance in the marketplace. The majority of studies included in the SLR concentrate on pellets made from a mixture of biomass materials. The results show that the average values for wood/non-wood mixtures such as pellet diameter, pellet length, moisture content, ash content, fine particle content, gross calorific value, and bulk density were found to adhere to the ISO standards. However, the average mechanical durability fell short of meeting the requirements of the standards. Additional comparisons were nitrogen, sulfur, volatile matter, and fixed carbon content. The findings in this meta-analysis could be useful in directing future research focused on producing high-quality and efficient biomass pellets derived from biomass blends and mixtures.

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Section: Mechanical Durabilitymentioning

confidence: 81%

Insights into Properties of Biomass Energy Pellets Made from Mixtures of Woody and Non-Woody Biomass: A Meta-Analysis

Rupasinghe,

Perera,

Bandara

et al. 2023

Energies

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“…Arias et al [13] reported that the torrefaction of eucalyptus biomass at 240 • C with a 30-min residence time had a substantial effect on the chemical and grindability properties. Furthermore, Dyjakon and Noszczyk [14] evaluated the effect of the torrefaction temperature on the mechanical durability of pellets made from various biomass wastes and on the required energy for grinding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Thermochemical Conversion of Forestry Residues from Silver Fir (Abies alba Mill.) by Torrefaction and Pyrolysis

Brebu¹

2022

Energies

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Forestry residue is a renewable energy biomass whose valorization has increased due to the interest in replacing exhaustible and environmentally unfriendly fossil resources. Needles, cones and bark from silver fir were thermally processed by separated and combined torrefaction (250 °C) and pyrolysis (550 °C). The torrefaction removed the humidity and extractives and degraded the hemicelluloses, significantly decreasing the oxygen content to ~11 wt% and increasing the carbon content to ~80 wt%, while enhancing the calorific value of the solids (~32 MJ/kg). The pyrolysis produced solid materials with high amounts of fixed carbon (~60–70 wt%) and high heating values, of ~29 MJ/kg. The combined torrefaction + pyrolysis increased the energy yield of the process and decreased the O/C and H/C atomic ratios to about 0.1 and 0.5, respectively, which is close to those of coals. It also led to condensable products with more homogeneously distributed compounds, regardless of the initial biomass type. More than 110 chemical compounds were confirmed in the condensable products, in amounts that depended on the type of starting material and on the thermal treatment. These included the following: terpenes, from extractives; furans, acids and linear ketones, from hemicelluloses; cyclic ketones and saccharides, from cellulose; and aromatic hydrocarbons and phenol derivatives, from lignin. Clear distinctions between the thermal procedures and the sample origins were evidenced by an exploratory data analysis (PCA), which suggested the presence of different types of lignin in the three starting materials.

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Torrefied biomass quality prediction and optimization using machine learning algorithms

Naveed,

Gul,

Khan

et al. 2024

Chemical Engineering Journal Advances

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Mechanical Durability and Grindability of Pellets after Torrefaction Process

Cited by 5 publications

References 34 publications

Insights into Properties of Biomass Energy Pellets Made from Mixtures of Woody and Non-Woody Biomass: A Meta-Analysis

Insights into Properties of Biomass Energy Pellets Made from Mixtures of Woody and Non-Woody Biomass: A Meta-Analysis

The Thermochemical Conversion of Forestry Residues from Silver Fir (Abies alba Mill.) by Torrefaction and Pyrolysis

Torrefied biomass quality prediction and optimization using machine learning algorithms

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