Mechanical, Corrosion, and Ion Release Studies of Ti-34Nb-6Sn Alloy with Comparable to the Bone Elastic Modulus by Powder Metallurgy Method

Abstract

The development of a Ti-34Nb-6Sn alloy by the powder metallurgy method, employing two different compaction conditions, A (100 MPa) and B (200 MPa), was carried out. To evaluate the feasibility of the Ti-34Nb-6Sn alloy as an implant biomaterial, microstructural and mechanical characterizations, as well as corrosion susceptibility and ion release tests, were performed. Results indicated microstructures dominated by the presence of β-Ti phase and a lower percentage of α-Ti and Nb phases. The porosity percentage decreased when the compaction pressure increased. Both conditions presented a good match between the elastic moduli of the alloy (14.0 to 18.8 GPa) and that reported for the bone tissue. The Ti, Nb and Sn ions released for both compaction conditions were within the acceptable ranges for the human body. Condition B showed higher corrosion resistance in comparison with condition A. Based on the obtained results, the produced porous Ti-34Nb-6Sn alloys are feasible materials for orthopedic implant applications.

Design of Ti-Mo-W Alloys and Its Correlation with Corrosion Resistance in Simulated Body Fluid (SBF)

“…However, these compositions lead to close values of and ( = 2.82; = 2.39), as in the case of the previously studied alloys (see and stability-phase map in Figure 1 ). They all position themselves in the beta stable domain, and data are confirmed by other researchers [ 2 , 6 , 12 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”

“…The concentrations of chloride ions (Cl − ) or proteins that act as electrolytes and lead to a low oxygen content in the body fluid could initiate and support the corrosive process. This contributes to a lower or greater extent to the release of these toxic elements, and when they accumulate in significant quantities, they can cause allergenic or even carcinogenic effects [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. To avoid these undesirable aspects, many researchers have published studies on new types of titanium-based alloys, which replaced the problematic elements with others that can lead to the same characteristic properties, and developed alloys with a low Young’s modulus with β or near β phase [ 2 , 6 , 12 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”

The microstructure, mechanical and electrochemical properties of 3D printed alloys with reusing powders

“…The microstructure is identical, whether examined metallographically or by XRD, with the only difference being the quantity of pores. It is known from the literature 49 – 52 that heat treatment of a near α titanium alloy such as Ti6Al4V increases the corrosion resistance of both materials due to changes in the microstructure: β phase, which is partially transformed from α and α’ during exposure to elevated temperatures, is more resistant to corrosion than previous phases 53 . The presence of β phase was not, however, detected by either of the methods (metallography or XRD) in the Ti6Al4V specimens investigated in this research.…”

Influence of processing parameters on dehydrogenation of TiH2 in the preparation of Ti–Nb: A review

“…A porosity between 20% and 50% improves cell-tissue interaction [ 18 ]. Powder metallurgy permits the attainment of porosities between 20% and 25% while retaining high mechanical properties [ 19 ]. The combination of powder metallurgy and mechanical alloying increases the homogeneity of alloy compositions by combining different elemental powders at the atomic level through rapid welding and fracturing with high-energy ball milling.…”