“…Furthermore, during joining, various brittle phases are formed, which result in a significant loss of toughness of the welded joints. 12 Several welding techniques such as laser welding, [13][14][15][16][17] electron beam welding (EBW), 18 friction stir welding (FSW) 19 and tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding [20][21][22][23] have been used for the preparation of similar and dissimilar joints involving TiNi-based SMAs. Most of the research Corresponding author: Huzaifa Asif, Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Science, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi 23640, Pakistan Email: huzi.asif@gmail.com on these alloys has been done on laser welding, and reductions of 37%-68% were observed in mechanical properties of weldments as compared to that of base alloy (BA).…”