Mechanical and tribological properties of multilayered PVD TiN/CrN

Nordin, Maria; Larsson, Mats; Hogmark, Sture

doi:10.1016/s0043-1648(99)00149-0

Cited by 95 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Coatings may have multiple physical purposes; on the one hand, the coating in spite of its tiny thickness (few micrometers), improves substrate properties such as surface hardness, physical-chemical passivity towards workpiece material, antifriction and thermal insulation. On the other hand, during the cutting process, the coating transforms the contact characteristics such as adhesion interaction, friction and inter-diffusion between workpiece and tool materials [1,3,8,[13][14][15][16]. The reduction of these characteristics allows lowering stresses (normal and shear), frictional heat capacity and thermal stresses acting at the contact areas of tool.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By varying their deposition parameters, it is possible to control the composition, structure and morphology along with the thickness and number of layers in the coating. With this approach the hardness of the coatings can reach 45-50 GPa [10][11][12][13][14]. The coatings retain an appreciably high viscosity because they dissipate the brittle fracture energy at the inter-grain and interlayer boundaries [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Filtered cathodic vacuum Arc deposition of nano-layered composite coatings for machining hard-to-cut materials

Volkhonskii

Vereshchaka

Блинков

et al. 2015

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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In coated tools, the grain boundaries and coating layers are areas of intense energy dissipation, which hardens the coating material by increasing its toughness and its resistance to the formation and development of cracks. An increase in the efficiency of the coatings was achieved by applying nano-dispersed multilayer composite structure. This paper proposes using nano-scale multilayer composite coating based on TiN-CrN compound to improve thermal stability, where, barrier layers based on ZrNbN have been introduced. The ZrNbN barrier does not interact with TiN and CrN at temperatures around 1000°C. The influence of process parameters of the filtered cathodic vacuum arc deposition on the composition, structure and properties of the coatings based on variation of TiAlN-ZrNbN-CrN was analyzed. The results presented here show that the hardness of the developed coatings was as high as 38 GPa. Subsequently, the carbide tools used in this study with the new coatings had an increased lifetime of 1.5-2.0 times compared to tools with commercial coatings. The coated tools were tested in turning and milling of steels, nickel and titanium alloys.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Filtered cathodic vacuum Arc deposition of nano-layered composite coatings for machining hard-to-cut materials

Volkhonskii

Vereshchaka

Блинков

et al. 2015

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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“…Concepts with proven high potential for the design of such novel coatings are based on nanocomposites and multilayer coatings with tailored properties [1][2][3][4]. The most versatile properties are offered by multilayer coatings, which allow control of properties in individual constituent layers by their chemical composition and (micro-)structure, and of the whole multilayer coating by the number of layers, thickness and order of their deposition [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. In many tribological contact conditions, coatings comprising hard/soft (or repeated high/low elastic modulus) layers can offer much improved tribological properties compared to single-layered hard coatings [13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscale interpretation of tribological phenomena in Ti/TiN soft-hard multilayer coatings on soft austenite steel substrates

Lackner¹,

Major²,

Kot³

2011

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences: Technical Sciences

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Abstract. The mechanical and tribological behavior of physical vapor deposited coatings on soft substrate materials gains increasing interest due to economical and environmental aspects -e.g. substitution of steels by light-weight metals or polymers in transport vehicles. Nevertheless, such soft materials require surface protection against wear in tribological contacts. Single layer hard coatings deposited at room temperature are brittle with a relatively poor adhesion. Therefore, they should be better substituted by tough multilayer coatings of soft-hard material combinations. However, the mechanics of such multilayer coatings with several 10 nm thick bilayer periods is difficult and yet not well described. The presented work tries to fill the gap of knowledge by focusing both on mechanical investigations of hardness, adhesion, and wear and on microscopic elucidation of deformation mechanisms. In the paper 1 µm thick Ti/TiN multilayer stacks were deposited by magnetron sputtering on soft austenitic steel substrates at room temperature to prevent distortion of functional components in future applications. High hardness was found for 8 and 16 bilayer films with modulation ratio Ti:TiN = 1:2 and 1:4. This was attributed (with use of transmission electron microscopy) to stopping the crack propagation in thin Ti layers of the multilayer systems by shear deformation combined with different fracture mechanisms in comparison with that for the TiN single layers (edge cracks at the border of the contact area and ring cracks outside, respectively).

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“…Another approach is to use the curvature of a plate measured before and after deposition of the coating to calculate the residual stress σ rs using the Stoney equation [35,36,40]:…”

Section: Young's Modulusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extrapolation method is usually used by measuring the hardness of the coated specimen using different loads and extrapolating towards infinitely low loads [36]. The hardness can also be measured using a conventional Vicker's microhardness indenter and a load of 50 to 100 gf [37,40], although some researchers believe that the measured hardness is not a good representation of the true hardness of the coating as it is usually influenced by the substrate material [35].…”

Section: Hardnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tool Wear and Life Span Variations in Cold Forming Operations and Their Implications in Microforming

et al. 2016

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Abstract:The current paper aims to review tooling life span, failure modes and models in cold microforming processes. As there is nearly no information available on tool-life for microforming the starting point was conventional cold forming. In cold forming common failures are (1) over stressing of the tool; (2) abrasive wear; (3) galling or adhesive wear, and (4) fatigue failure. The large variation in tool life observed in production and how to predict this was reviewed as this is important to the viability of microforming based on that the tooling cost takes a higher portion of the part cost. Anisotropic properties of the tool materials affect tool life span and depend on both the as-received and in-service conditions. It was concluded that preconditioning of the tool surface, and coating are important to control wear and fatigue. Properly managed, the detrimental effects from surface particles can be reduced. Under high stress low-cycle fatigue conditions, fatigue failure form internal microstructures and inclusions are common. To improve abrasive wear resistance larger carbides are commonly the solution which will have a negative impact on tooling life as these tend to be the root cause of fatigue failures. This has significant impact on cold microforming.

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Mechanical and tribological properties of multilayered PVD TiN/CrN

Cited by 95 publications

References 7 publications

Filtered cathodic vacuum Arc deposition of nano-layered composite coatings for machining hard-to-cut materials

Filtered cathodic vacuum Arc deposition of nano-layered composite coatings for machining hard-to-cut materials

Microscale interpretation of tribological phenomena in Ti/TiN soft-hard multilayer coatings on soft austenite steel substrates

Tool Wear and Life Span Variations in Cold Forming Operations and Their Implications in Microforming

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