Measuring the economic impacts of trade liberalisation on forest products trade in the Asia-Pacific region using the GTAP model

Abstract

This chapter describes how we obtained the initial estimates for the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) behavioral parameters file. These include the source substitution or Armington elasticities, the factor substitution elasticities, the factor transformation elasticities, the investment parameters, and the consumer demand elasticities. Table 14.1 summarizes for these parameters: the associated notation, the set over which they are indexed, and their description. In this chapter we explain the role of each parameter in the GTAP Model, and describe how we obtained the current settings.Most of the parameters treated here enter directly into the GTAP Data Base. In contrast with the rest of the data file where an extensive and elaborate process of transformation is required to remove any inconsistencies, and repair the omissions in the initial data sets, no such processing is required here for most of the behavioral parameters. For the most part, each individual parameter is an independent datum, which stands or falls on its own, and does not require any consistency checks with other parameters. The one exception to this rule is the consumer demand parameters (see section 14.5). Here we do need to check for consistency conditions -the triad of Engel aggregation, Cournot aggregation and symmetry condition. Also, there is a need to transform the data, from elasticities, for which we find empirical estimates, to the invariant parameters needed for our preferred functional form for the consumer demand system. Elasticities and parameters described in sections 14.1, 14.2, 14.3 and 14.4 have not been changed since the release of GTAP 6 Data Base, while the consumer demand parameters have been updated in this version. Source Substitution ElasticitiesThe GTAP Data Base contains two sets of source substitution elasticities. One relates to the substitution between domestic products and imports, and the other to the substitution between imports from different regions. To define these parameters precisely, we need to refer to the theoretical structure of the GTAP Model. In that model, the source substitution elasticities are defined separately for each of the representative agents within each region rather than referring to a single economy-wide demand behavior, as in the other models. This means that for each commodity within each region, the domestic-import mix is determined separately for each industry, and for each of the final demand categories, namely investment, household consumption, and government consumption. The sourcing of imports is also determined separately for intermediate usage (for all industries together) and for each of the final demand category. Finally, for cross-regional behavior, the GTAP Model assumes that for each commodity, all agents in all regions display the same substitution elasticity.

An Empirical Study on the Economic Effect of Financial Cooperation among Countries of the “Silk Road Economic Belt”

“…It shows that the agreement can bring positive effects for both China and Australia. Stenberg and Siriwardana (2015) analysed the effects of unilateral trade liberalization of forest products on the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) member countries and the result is the same as the previous study that countries engaged in international cooperation can gains benefits. Also, Padella et al (2012) examined the integrated impacts of the US and EU biofuels programs, regarding of socioeconomic effects on prices, employment and welfare in the European Union.…”

The characteristic and potential of green trade between China and regional comprehensive economic partnership countries

“…In the absence of agreements, the projected tariff and non-tariff barriers are usually used to simulate the trade effects of the expected member countries (Park et al, 2021). Stenberg and Siriwardana (2016) examined the effects of trade liberalisation on forest products trade when APEC extend their preferential treatment to non-member countries using GTAP model. After the trade agreement has been signed, the tariff and non-tariff barriers calculated by the agreement are used to simulate the economic impact on the member countries, and then the changes of trade value in the future is calculated.…”

Intervention of data analysis on enterprise crisis management to improve agricultural economy

“…Slater et al (2016) explored the consequences of these norms for viable ADLI execution in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). They found that while agriculture has significant solid areas for by and large in SSA, most countries don't fulfill the second proportions of spread out supply responsiveness (considering the way that the gathering creation limit is extremely confined, many kinds of purchaser stock are not made locally, and most intermediates and equipment are imported) (Stenberg & Siriwardana, 2015). From Figure 4, as the acknowledgment of agriculture for improvement relies upon rural development, this segment gives a concise contextualization of the writing on horticultural turn of events (Dastagiri et al, 2012).…”