Measuring the chemical composition of waterlogged decayed wood by near infrared spectroscopy

Pecoraro, Elisa; Pizzo, Benedetto; Alves, Ana; Macchioni, Nicola; Rodrigues, José Carlos

doi:10.1016/j.microc.2015.05.005

Cited by 25 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…The results of WCA were referred to ash-free anhydrous weight of wood mass, which means that the values were calculated to exclude the ash amount. This series of values, which we indicated in this paper with the suffix "W", was selected because it has been previously shown that the ash amount may influence quantitative determinations of wood components [38,39]. Moreover, in sound wood the ash amount is usually negligible (< 1%), whereas it is normally appreciable in archaeological wood.…”

Section: Gravimetric (Wet) Chemical Analysis (Wca)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical evaluation of the degradation state of dry archaeological wood from Egypt by SEM, ATR-FTIR, wet chemical analysis and Py(HMDS)-GC-MS

Tamburini

Łucejko

Pizzo

et al. 2017

Polymer Degradation and Stability

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An in-depth investigation was undertaken of the chemical changes to wood induced by degrading agents in dry burial environments. The degradation state of eleven wood samples from dry archaeological sites in Egypt was evaluated by combining the information obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), wet chemical analysis (WCA), attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and analytical pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry with in situ silylation (Py(HMDS)-GC-MS). The samples belonged to five different wood species (Faidherbia albida, Ficus sycomorus, Taxus baccata, Pinus sylvestris and Tamarix sp.) and came from three different archaeological sites corresponding to three different time periods (from ca. 1700 BC to ca. 1700 AD). The results were compared with sound reference wood of the same species. SEM enabled a fungal attack to be identified in some of the samples. WCA highlighted the preferential loss of lignin or carbohydrates in these samples, but also showed unusually high values of water-soluble substances in most of them. FTIR spectra acquired before and after the extraction of the samples revealed that this soluble fraction generally contained depolymerised carbohydrates and/or lignin units. Py(HMDS)-GC-MS was applied without any sample pre-treatment and was used to assess the alteration/depolymerisation of the individual wood components, thus complementing the picture regarding the chemical changes. The results showed that, unlike waterlogged archaeological wood, most of the degraded wood components â\u80\u93 depolymerised carbohydrates and/or lignin â\u80\u93 had not leached away from the dry wood matrix, and thus complicated the interpretation of data. The commonly used parameters, such as the H/L (holocellulose/lignin) ratio, failed to give a correct evaluation of the wood degradation when both carbohydrates and lignin were degraded. The preservation conditions of the samples were very variable, from very good to a high depletion of carbohydrates, to the preferential depletion of lignin, or comparable levels of carbohydrate and lignin degradation. This was sometimes observed within the same wood species and the same archaeological site. This highlighted how difficult the interpretation can be in order to correctly evaluate the multiple causes of degradation affecting dry archaeological wood. An analytical approach using complementary techniques appears to be essential

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Section: Gravimetric (Wet) Chemical Analysis (Wca)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical evaluation of the degradation state of dry archaeological wood from Egypt by SEM, ATR-FTIR, wet chemical analysis and Py(HMDS)-GC-MS

Tamburini

Łucejko

Pizzo

et al. 2017

Polymer Degradation and Stability

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Changes in archeological wood are evident through changes in the structure and physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of wood; however, the mechanism and rate of degradation of wood components significantly depend on environmental factors. For example, in waterlogged archeological wood samples, the most important effect of decay on chemical properties may manifest as compositional change within cell walls due to hydrolysis processes that mainly involve carbohydrate compounds, with a consequent increase in the relative lignin concentration [2][3][4]. The life span of Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) wood, which is used in construction, can exceed thousands of years when unexposed to biodegradation and weathering.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nearinfrared (NIR) spectroscopy is one of the best methods for this as it is rapid, inexpensive, nondestructive, and precise for evaluating molecular vibrations. The application of NIR spectroscopy in the evaluation of degradation level of wood due to aging [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9], fungal decay [10][11][12][13][14][15], thermal treatment [16][17][18][19], and lightning [20,21] has revealed that NIR spectroscopy is a promising method for monitoring chemical changes in degraded wood. Yonenobu et al reported that compared with modern wood, the difference in the second derivative NIR spectra in archeological wood used for 1300 years under atmospheric conditions suggests that in archeological wood, hemicellulose and holocellulose is less, whereas lignin is more [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They also investigated the aging-associated changes in the fine structure of microfibrils in the cell wall using the deuterium exchange method [7]. Pecoraro et al used NIR spectroscopy for evaluating the residual chemical composition of wood decayed by biotic agents when preserved for a long time in waterlogged conditions [4]. They established a highly reliable prediction model to assess the residual chemical composition of waterlogged archeological wood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of physical and chemical properties and degradation of archeological Japanese cypress wood from the Tohyamago area using near-infrared spectroscopy

et al. 2018

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Here, we evaluated the application of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for estimating the degradation level of archeological wood samples from the Tohyamago area, the dendrochronological ages of which were also determined. The wood samples were radially cut from three logs obtained from the Tohyamago area. NIR reflectance spectra were measured from the tangential faces of air-and oven-dried wood samples using a Fourier transform NIR spectrophotometer. The second derivative spectra within the wavenumber range of 6400-5200 cm −1 , in which the effect of moisture content in wood is suspected to be insignificant, showed a characteristic behavior with age. By comparing the second derivative spectral change in our wood samples with that in wood degraded by aging, thermal treatment, fungal attack, and lightning reported in the literature, we found that the second derivative spectra of wood samples from one log was similar to those of wood degraded by hygrothermal treatment, whereas those of wood samples from another log was similar to those of wood degraded by brown-rot fungi. The physical and chemical properties of archeological wood were well predicted using a combination of partial least square regression analysis and NIR spectroscopy.

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“…A NIRS tem se destacado na determinação de propriedades físicas e mecânicas [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] e composição química da madeira. [12][13][14]51,52 Também encontra-se na literatura, uma revisão sobre as diferentes aplicações da NIRS e a atribuição de bandas de absorção dos principais componentes. 6,53 Trabalhos com aplicação da NIRS e imagem em madeira para determinação da composição química e sua distribuição ainda são escassos, todavia, a combinação desta técnica com quimiometria tem possibilitado a evolução deste tipo de estudo.…”

Section: Objetivosunclassified

Estudo da homogeneidade e discriminação de madeiras através de espectroscopia de imagens, imagens digitais e ferramentas quimiométricas

Colares¹

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A Deus por me dar força e convicção para concluir esta tão sonhada etapa da minha vida, em que os obstáculos foram superados com fé e coragem para vencer e jamais desistir. A minha mãe ("in memoriam") que soube me ensinar o caminho da honestidade e da humildade, com sabedoria e amor. Saudades eternas. Ao meu amado esposo, que sempre esteve ao meu lado, com apoio incondicional foi sem dúvida meu grande incentivador. As 41 mil palavras que compõem esta tese não são suficientes para expressar minha gratidão, carinho e respeito. Ao meu orientador Prof. Dr. Jez Willian Batista Braga pela sua enorme paciência e prestatividade em orientar este trabalho com atenção, sabedoria, inteligência e principalmente a confiança depositada nestes 4 anos. Receba com toda a expressão que possa existir nestas palavras, minha admiração e meu sincero muito obrigada. A minha coorientadora Dra. Vera Teresinha Rauber Coradin pela colaboração neste trabalho, orientação e aprendizagem.

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Measuring the chemical composition of waterlogged decayed wood by near infrared spectroscopy

Cited by 25 publications

References 33 publications

A critical evaluation of the degradation state of dry archaeological wood from Egypt by SEM, ATR-FTIR, wet chemical analysis and Py(HMDS)-GC-MS

A critical evaluation of the degradation state of dry archaeological wood from Egypt by SEM, ATR-FTIR, wet chemical analysis and Py(HMDS)-GC-MS

Determination of physical and chemical properties and degradation of archeological Japanese cypress wood from the Tohyamago area using near-infrared spectroscopy

Estudo da homogeneidade e discriminação de madeiras através de espectroscopia de imagens, imagens digitais e ferramentas quimiométricas

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