Abstract:Speaker normalization effects using continua from ‘‘sue’’ to ‘‘shoe’’ and three experimental tasks: Identification, goodness ratings, and direct prototype estimation are compared. The continua were formed by concatenating synthetic fricative noises ranging from [s] to [sh] with the vowel portion of ‘‘sue’’ or ‘‘shoe’’ produced by a male and a female speaker. Speaker normalization was measured in the identification task as a boundary shift between responses to the ‘‘male’’ stimuli and the ‘‘female’’ stimuli. Co… Show more
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