Measuring small gains using the ICIDH severity of disability scale: Assessment practice among older people who are blind

Abstract

This paper describes an outcome-based assessment protocol that is used with older individuals who are blind. The assessment process demonstrates how the ICIDH theoretical model can be adapted to address small gains in rehabilitation outcome. The model also illustrates refinements in the ICIDH scaling to create effectiveness measures. A two-dimensional Functional Assessment Scale for measuring personal performance capacities has been found to be quite useful in determining individual needs, in quantifying small gains in rehabilitation intervention, and in evaluating programme effectiveness.

The Relationship of Age to Level of Performance and Independence Associated with Rehabilitative Interventions Provided to Older Adults Who Are Blind

“…Rehabilitation specialists established face validity when the instrument was created by the careful selection of items for assessment that deal specifically with behaviors critical to daily living activities (Nieuwenhuijsen, et al, 1991). Content validity has been ascertained throughout the history of the instrument.…”

“…Content validity has been ascertained throughout the history of the instrument. Rehabilitation specialists using the ILPPA as a primary assessment tool in their independent living programs have provided feedback to program administrators and researchers (Nieuwenhuijsen, et al, 1991;Stephens, Lai, & Giesen, 1997). Limited revisions to the instrument have been based on a study of sub-scale reliability and factorial validity conducted by Cancienne (1989) and feedback received by the RRTC-BLV from rehabilitation teachers using the instrument in the field.…”

“…The IADL tasks include meal preparation, use of the telephone, home management activities, money management, shopping, laundry, housework, and mobility outside of the home (Furner, Rudberg, & Cassel, 1995;Katz, 1983;Lawton, 1991). Independent living programs that serve elders who are blind most often focus on IADL concerns (Nieuwenhuijsen, Frey, & Crews, 1991).…”

Creating Measures of Rehabilitation Outcomes for People who are Visually Impaired: The FIMBA Project

“…As was noted earlier, several studies of the quality of life and outcomes of clients of vision rehabilitation services have been conducted in recent years. First, Crews (1991) and Nieuwenhuijsen, Frey, and Crews (1991) reported on efforts to develop outcomes measures based on the conceptual framework of the International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities, and Handicaps (WHO, 1980). Second, Mangione et al (1992) described the development of the Activities of Daily Vision Scale, which measured the self-reported difficulty experienced by 334 participants in 20 activities related to one of five subscales: distance vision, near vision, glare disability, and night and daytime driving.…”

ICIDH‐PR: A potential model for occupational therapy

“…The application of the ICIDH also included the use of instruments that were constructed on the conceptual framework of this classification scheme. Various assessments (Barrs & Dowell, 1985;Pfeiffer, 1986;Wiersma, Dejong & Ormel, 1988;J iwa-Boerrigter, van Engelen & Lankhorst, 1990; van den Berg & Lankhorst, 1990;van Triet, Dekker, Kressens & Curfs, 1990;Nieuwenhuijsen, Frey & Crews, 1991;Thorburn, Desai, Paul, Malcolm, Durkin & Davidson, 1992;Grimby et al, 1993) and questionnaires (Henrard, Ankri, Cassou, Morell & Lelaidier, 1985;Colvez & Robine, 1986;McLaren, Gear, Irwig & Smit, 1987;Langley, 1989;Minaire, Cherpin, Flores & Weber, 1989;Bezzaoucha & Dekkar, 1990;Badley & Tennant, 1991;Söderback et al, 1991) were founded on one or more of the classifications of impairments, dis abilities and handicaps. Research applications of the ICIDH and/or its compo nents, as can be seen from Table 3, were also explored by several authors (Badley & Lee, 1987a, b;Badley, Lee & Wood, 1987;Rigby, Rudolfer, Badley & Brayshaw, 1989).…”