Measuring Neighborhood and School Environments Perceptual and Aggregate Approaches

Hadley-Ives, Eric; Stiffman, Arlene Rubin; Elze, Diane; Johnson, Sharon; Doré, Peter

doi:10.1300/j137v03n01_01

Cited by 63 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Previous studies have found that individuals' perceptions of neighborhood safety are determined by more than just specific experiences of violence. [33][34][35][36] For example women are more likely to perceive threats to their safety than men, with women over the age of 30 perceiving their neighborhood as less safe than younger women. 34 Additionally, mothers may report higher ratings of neighborhood safety to selfvalidate their decision to remain in a violent neighborhood, perhaps in part due to their inability to move to a new neighborhood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neighborhood Violence and its Association with Mothers’ Health: Assessing the Relative Importance of Perceived Safety and Exposure to Violence

Johnson

Solomon²,

Shields

et al. 2009

J Urban Health

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This paper presents a cross-sectional study examining the influence of neighborhood violence on multiple aspects of mothers' health. While the influence of neighborhood violence on health is important to understand for all populations, mothers are especially important as they play a key role in protecting their children from the consequences of violence. Three hundred and ninety-two Baltimore City mothers of children 5 years and younger completed a self-administered survey that included questions about perceptions of their safety as well as their personal experiences with neighborhood violence. Separate models were run to compare the relationship between each measurement of neighborhood violence and five diverse health-related determinants and outcomes: self-reported health status, smoking, exercise, average hours of sleep a night, and sleep interruption. Controlling for mother's age, child's age, maternal education, and marital status, mothers with high exposure to neighborhood violence were twice as likely to report poorer health, smoking, never exercising, and poor sleep habits. Maternal perception of neighborhood safety was not related to any of the assessed health-related determinants and outcomes. This study emphasizes the importance of measuring exposure to neighborhood violence rather than solely assessing perceived safety. Neighborhood violence was a common experience for mothers in this urban sample, and should be considered by health professionals in trying to understand and intervene to improve the health of mothers and their children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This literature presents a complex relationship influenced by gender, race, age, education, feelings of vulnerability and helplessness, and neighborhood level factors. [33][34][35][36] However, this literature does not attempt to link measures of neighborhood violence with health outcomes.…”

Section: Measurement Of Neighborhood Violencementioning

confidence: 99%

Neighborhood Violence and its Association with Mothers’ Health: Assessing the Relative Importance of Perceived Safety and Exposure to Violence

Johnson

Solomon²,

Shields

et al. 2009

J Urban Health

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“…Subjective measures are mainly collected in survey questionnaires by asking participants to report their own perceptions about their neighborhood environments (Diez Roux 2001). Evidence shows that both types of measurement are reliable and valid instruments for measuring neighborhood environments and their effects on health (Brownson et al 2009;Hadley-Ives et al 2000;Kamphius et al 2010;Kawachi and Berkman 2003;Jack and McCormack 2014;Poortinga, Dunstan, and Fone 2007;Schulz et al 2013;Wen, Hawkley, and Cacioppo 2006;Yen et al 2008).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, although the validity and unique contribution of measures of self-perception of surrounding environments are widely recognized (Hadley-Ives et al 2000;Kawachi and Berkman 2003), simultaneous applications of both objective and subjective measures of neighborhood environments, or some comprehensive index, would be preferable (Wen, Hawkley, and Cacioppo 2006;Schaefer-McDaniel et al 2010). Second, population density, an important factor associated with residents' health (Kim et al 2011;Mair, Diez Roux, and Galea 2008;McDonald, Forman, and Kareiva 2010), was not considered in our models due to unavailability of data.…”

Section: Limitations and Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neighborhood-health links: Differences between rural-to-urban migrants and natives in Shanghai

Gu¹,

Zhu²,

Wen³

2015

DemRes

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“…In the work of Crum and colleagues' (1996) measures of neighborhood disorganization included subjects' perceptions of areas to walk or play, safety outdoors, crime, racism or prejudice, litter, vandalism, publicly visible alcohol or drug use, abandoned buildings, poverty, church attendance, and sense of community. Other neighborhood characteristics that are indicators of neighborhood disorganization include: teenagers loitering, homeless persons, burglary, drug selling, robbery, and prostitution (Latkin and Curry, 2003;Hadley-Ives et al, 2000). Ennett and colleagues (1997) also included population density and high residential mobility, which are thought to erode social control and social integration within neighborhoods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association of self-reported neighborhood disorganization and social capital with adolescent alcohol and drug use, dependence, and access to treatment

Winstanley

Steinwachs

Ensminger

et al. 2008

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

153

102

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Aims-This research examines adolescent perceptions of neighborhood disorganization and social capital to determine if they are associated with adolescent alcohol or drug (AOD) use, AOD dependence, and access to AOD treatment.Design-This is a secondary analysis of data from the 1999 and 2000 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). The NSDUH is a cross-sectional survey of a random sample of the noninstitutionalized United States population and is conducted in respondents' homes.Participants-Youth between the ages of 12 and 17, yielding a sample size of 38,115 respondents. Measurements-Neighborhood disorganization was self-reported by youth in response to eight items; ten items measured social capital. AOD use was also self-reported. AOD dependence was assessed by a series of questions regarding symptoms and impairment that is consistent with the criteria specified in the DSM-IV.Results-A little more than half of the youth reported never using alcohol or drugs (54.3%), 41.1% reported lifetime AOD use, and 4.6% were AOD dependent. Two percent reported receiving AOD treatment. Medium and high levels of social capital were negatively associated with AOD use and Conflict of Interest. All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. NIH Public Access

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Measuring Neighborhood and School Environments Perceptual and Aggregate Approaches

Cited by 63 publications

References 36 publications

Neighborhood Violence and its Association with Mothers’ Health: Assessing the Relative Importance of Perceived Safety and Exposure to Violence

Neighborhood Violence and its Association with Mothers’ Health: Assessing the Relative Importance of Perceived Safety and Exposure to Violence

Neighborhood-health links: Differences between rural-to-urban migrants and natives in Shanghai

The association of self-reported neighborhood disorganization and social capital with adolescent alcohol and drug use, dependence, and access to treatment

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