Measuring lignin and neutral sugars in neutral detergent soluble and insoluble fractions of human and rat feces

Kris, Edward S.; Marlett, Judith A.

doi:10.1021/jf00095a013

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…CL determined by Saeman acid hydrolysis of a faecal NDF obtained with sodium sulphite in the detergent solution is usually closer to the PL or K L value than the CL determined after EAc extraction (Kris and Marlett 1990). However, the NDF procedure fractionates the neutral sugars according to source, plant or bacterial.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Our analyses suggest that for most human and rat faeces the use of a 1:l (v) mixture of ethyl acetate and acetic acid removes much of the artefact lignin that is measured as acid-insoluble residue during a Saeman hydrolysis. CL determined by Saeman acid hydrolysis of a faecal NDF obtained with sodium sulphite in the detergent solution is usually closer to the PL or K L value than the CL determined after EAc extraction (Kris and Marlett 1990). However, the NDF procedure fractionates the neutral sugars according to source, plant or bacterial.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Both the faecal and the EAcinsoluble CL were always higher than that measured as either KL or PL. CL following a Saeman hydrolysis of NDF from the rat wheat bran, but not rat cellulose or human wheat bran and cellulosefaeces, were also higher than the KL or PL (Kris and Marlett 1990). No CL was detected after EAc extraction from the two rat cellulose samples whereas measureable amounts of lignin as either KL or PL were detected ( Table 3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The column oven program started at 170"C, was held at this temperature for lOmin, and was then programmed at 3°C min-' to 220°C where the final temperature was held for 10 min. Gas chromatographic sugar data were expressed as the polymer ( x 0.9) and corrected for hydrolysis losses (Kris and Marlett 1990).…”

Section: Experiments Imentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measuring lignin in human and rat faeces

Kraus

Marlett

1990

J Sci Food Agric

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Experiments Imentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Measuring lignin in human and rat faeces

Kraus

Marlett

1990

J Sci Food Agric

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“…Some recent reports indicate that most of the dietary prebiotics are fructans and galactans [71], which are digested anaerobically in the human large intestine, resulting in the production of volatile fatty acids [71]. Lignin and cellulose have been detected in the faeces of humans if cereal is consumed in the diet [72], while results of in vitro studies indicate the production of oligosaccharides (in feces) after the enzymatic hydrolysis of agarose [73]. The chemical and microbial composition of the faeces will be dictated, at least in part, by the diet of the VIP users.…”

Section: Microorganisms and Strategies To Manage Ri Related To The Vi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Disaster Risk Management, Ventilated Improved Pit Latrines, and Sanitation Challenges in South Africa

et al. 2022

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The current paper provides a review and meta-analysis of the practical implications of disaster risk management related to the ventilated improved latrines in South Africa. This technology is evaluated through its legacy and novel challenges of disaster risk reduction. In the current article, the methodology adopted was a literature review and meta-analyses. The results indicate that the in-situ treatment and breakdown of faecal sludge in the ventilated improved pit latrines is not always taking place and that anaerobic digestion might not always be feasible. New strategies are proposed to manage the sanitation-related risks in South Africa by specifying more exact dimensions for the newly built ventilated improved pit latrines by suggesting the use of novel sanitation additives such as fly ash to enhance on-site and in situ treatment, as well as ex situ treatment of the pit latrine faecal sludge. Regular maintenance can lead to prevention of the dysfunctional character of the ventilated improved pit latrines as a functional sanitation technology and a user-friendly hygiene barrier to the spread of sanitation/WASH-related epidemics or infectious diseases. The implementation of the novel strategies should be enhanced by the application of the (Environmental) Technology Assessment in sanitation service delivery in South Africa.

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Mechanisms by which wheat bran and oat bran increase stool weight in humans

Chen

Haack

Janecky

et al. 1998

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

123

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Generally, stool weight is significantly increased by adding sources of insoluble fiber to the diet. Comparable amounts of fiber provided by wheat and oat brans have the same effect on daily stool output, even though > 90% of wheat bran fiber but only 50-60% of oat bran fiber is insoluble. To determine the bases for these increases in stool weight, stool samples collected from 5 men in 2 constant diet studies that determined the effects of wheat and oat brans on large-bowel physiology were fractionated by using a physicochemical procedure into plant, bacterial, and soluble fractions, which were weighed and analyzed for sugar content and composition. Nitrogen, crude fat, and ash outputs were also determined. Wheat bran increased the fecal concentration of sugars and mass of plant material more than did oat bran, whereas oat bran increased fecal bacterial mass more. Each fiber source increased nitrogen, ash, and fat excretion, but excretion of fat was greater with oat bran. The apparent digestibility of plant-derived neutral sugars decreased significantly when wheat but not oat bran was consumed. The apparent digestibility of neutral sugars provided by wheat bran was 56%; the apparent digestibility of those provided by oat bran was 96%. We conclude that bacteria and lipids are major contributors to the increase in stool weight with oat bran consumption, whereas undigested plant fiber is responsible for much of the increase in stool weight with wheat bran consumption. Results are consistent with the hypothesis that oat bran increases stool weight by providing rapidly fermented soluble fiber in the proximal colon for bacterial growth, which is sustained until excretion by fermentation of the insoluble fiber.

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Measuring lignin and neutral sugars in neutral detergent soluble and insoluble fractions of human and rat feces

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Measuring lignin in human and rat faeces

Measuring lignin in human and rat faeces

Disaster Risk Management, Ventilated Improved Pit Latrines, and Sanitation Challenges in South Africa

Mechanisms by which wheat bran and oat bran increase stool weight in humans

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