Measuring empowerment in client-run self-help agencies

Segal, Steven; Silverman, Carol; Temkin, Tanya

doi:10.1007/bf02188748

Cited by 172 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Informed consent for human investigation was obtained from all study participants. All members responded to an extensive interview schedule that included an adaptation of the System Maintenance Scale of the Community Oriented Programs Environment Scale (COPES) (Moos, 1974) and four empowerment measures (Segal, Silverman, & Temkin, 1995a, 1995b.…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Self Efficacy Scale (SES) can be considered a measure of selfconfidence in one's ability to effect certain actions, and constitutes a bridging concept between two dimensions of the empowerment construct-the control the individual has over their own personal life and material situation, and their experiences in exercising control and influence over others within and outside of the self-help organization (Segal, Silverman, & Temkin, 1995a). This bridging characteristic of the SES links the individual's confidence in his or her ability to be efficacious ·in common life activities with his or her sociopolitical or group actions.…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This bridging characteristic of the SES links the individual's confidence in his or her ability to be efficacious ·in common life activities with his or her sociopolitical or group actions. The SES has a -reliability of Alpha between .89 and .92, and a stability coefficient of .62 (Segal, Silverman, & Temkin, 1995a).…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Empowerment through the organizational characteristics of a self-help organization is seen as enabling members to regain hope, selfesteem, and self-confidence lost through stigmatization as persons defined as "mentally ill" (Chamberlin, 1978;Kaufmann, Freund, & Wilson, 1989;Leete, 1988)-these goals are reflected in the principles and practice of the recovery model (Ralph, Kidder, & The Recovery Advisory Group;2000). Thus, although consumer-operated services are an essential component of self-help organizations, they foster empowerment not merely by providing peer-based services but by allowing members to participate in organizational decision making and governance (Segal, Silverman, & Temkin, 1995a).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Are All Consumer-Operated Programs Empowering Self-Help Agencies?

Segal

Silverman

Temkin

2013

Social Work in Mental Health

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Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Are All Consumer-Operated Programs Empowering Self-Help Agencies?

Segal

Silverman

Temkin

2013

Social Work in Mental Health

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“…This was followed by the Homeless Supplement to the Diagnostic Interview Schedule [37], which served as a check on the data gathered during the open-ended residential history. Next completed were the Substance Use and Psychiatric Sections of the Addiction Severity Index [38], questions about technology use [15,24], the Personal Empowerment scale [39], the Empowerment Scale [40], and the HERTH Hope Index [41]. The interview concluded with several demographic questions.…”

Section: Recruitment and Study Enrollmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Feasible is Multiple Time Point Web-Based Data Collection with Individuals Experiencing Street Homelessness?

Eyrich‐Garg

Moss

2017

J Urban Health

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Three barriers investigators often encounter when conducting longitudinal work with homeless or other marginalized populations are difficulty tracking participants, high rates of no-shows for follow-up interviews, and high rates of loss to follow-up. Recent research has shown that homeless populations have substantial access to information technologies, including mobile devices and computers. These technologies have the potential both to make longitudinal data collection with homeless populations easier and to minimize some of these methodological challenges. This pilot study's purpose was to test whether individuals who were homeless and sleeping on the streets-the Bstreet homeless^-would answer questions remotely through a web-based data collection system at regular Bfollowup^intervals. We attempted to simulate longitudinal data collection in a condensed time period. Participants (N = 21) completed an in-person baseline interview. Each participant was given a remotely reloadable gift card. Subsequently, weekly for 8 weeks, participants were sent an email with a link to a SurveyMonkey questionnaire. Participants were given 48 h to complete each questionnaire. Data were collected about life on the streets, service use, community inclusion, substance use, and high-risk sexual behaviors. Ten dollars was remotely loaded onto each participant's gift card when they completed the questionnaire within the completion window. A substantial number of participants (67% of the total sample and 86% of the adjusted sample) completed at least seven out of the eight follow-up questionnaires. Most questionnaires were completed at public libraries, but several were completed at other types of locations (social service agencies, places of employment, relative/friend/acquaintance's domiciles, or via mobile phone). Although some of the questions were quite sensitive, very few participants skipped any questions. The only variables associated with questionnaire completion were frequency of computer use and education-both positive associations. This pilot study suggests that collecting longitudinal data online may be feasible with a subpopulation of persons experiencing homelessness. We suspect that participant follow-up rates using web-based data collection methods have the potential to exceed follow-up rates using traditional in-person interviews. If this population of persons experiencing street homelessness can be successful with this method of data collection, perhaps other disenfranchised, difficult-to-track, or difficult-to-reach populations could be followed using web-based data collection methods. Local governments are striving to decrease the Bdigital divide,^providing free or greatly discounted wi-fi connectivity as well as mobile computer lab access to low-income geographic areas. These actions, in combination with increased smart phone ownership, may permit vulnerable populations to connect and communicate with investigators.

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Consumer-providers of care for adult clients of statutory mental health services

Pitt

Lowe

Hill

et al. 2013

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

227

242

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Involving consumer-providers in mental health teams results in psychosocial, mental health symptom and service use outcomes for clients that were no better or worse than those achieved by professionals employed in similar roles, particularly for case management services.There is low quality evidence that involving consumer-providers in mental health teams results in a small reduction in clients' use of crisis or emergency services. The nature of the consumer-providers' involvement differs compared to professionals, as do the resources required to support their involvement. The overall quality of the evidence is moderate to low. There is no evidence of harm associated with involving consumer-providers in mental health teams.Future randomised controlled trials of consumer-providers in mental health services should minimise bias through the use of adequate randomisation and concealment of allocation, blinding of outcome assessment where possible, the comprehensive reporting of outcome data, and the avoidance of contamination between treatment groups. Researchers should adhere to SPIRIT and CONSORT reporting standards for clinical trials.Future trials should further evaluate standardised measures of clients' mental health, adverse outcomes for clients, the potential benefits and harms to the consumer-providers themselves (including need to return to treatment), and the financial costs of the intervention. They should utilise consistent, validated measurement tools and include a clear description of the consumer-provider role (eg specific tasks, responsibilities and expected deliverables of the role) and relevant training for the role so that it can be readily implemented. The weight of evidence being strongly based in the United States, future research should be located in diverse settings including in low- and middle-income countries.

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Measuring empowerment in client-run self-help agencies

Cited by 172 publications

References 32 publications

Are All Consumer-Operated Programs Empowering Self-Help Agencies?

Are All Consumer-Operated Programs Empowering Self-Help Agencies?

How Feasible is Multiple Time Point Web-Based Data Collection with Individuals Experiencing Street Homelessness?

Consumer-providers of care for adult clients of statutory mental health services

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