Measuring consumer involvement with grocery brands: Model validation and scale‐reliability test procedures

Store brands vs. manufacturer brands: Consumer perceptions and buying of chocolate bars in Finland

“…Future studies are therefore encouraged to explore this. A chocolate bar is like grocery products in general a low involvement product (Knox et al, 1994;Omar, 1996;Miquel et al, 2002). This means that consumers typically go through a limited search process with few alternatives.…”

“…Degree of involvement is another much researched aspect, and it has been found that consumers more readily accept low-involvement products such as store brands (for example, Dick et al, 1995;DelVecchio, 2001;Miquel et al, 2002). Other product-related factors found to have an impact are: country-of-origin, product package and product information (Knox et al, 1994;Richardson et al, 1994;Dick et al, 1995; Consumer Perceptions and Buying of Chocolate Bars in Finland 475 Prendergast and Marr, 1997;Keller, 1998;Batra and Sinha, 2000;Ailawadi et al, 2001;Garretson et al, 2002;Semeijn et al, 2003).…”

“…Most grocery products and chocolate bars in particular are seen as low involvement products since relevant information is easily available, products are rather cheap and comparable, and the risk of making the wrong decision is rather low. However, situational involvement can differ; chocolate bars can be a regular purchase, bought, for example, for a special occasion, or be an impulse purchase (Knox et al, 1994;Engel et al, 1995). Thus, buying the chocolate bar would typically be a low involvement purchase situation, but it could be a special occasion or spur-of-themoment decision as well.…”

Role of railways in empowering travelers: A case study from the Czech Republic

“…Faster consumers decisions (Engel et al, 1982), Stronger interest among consumers in an engaging relationship with service providers (Varki and Wong, 2003), Co-production (Lengnick-Hall et al, 2000) Enhanced positive relationships (Edvardsson, 2005), Brand loyalty (Knox et al, 1994), and Greater revenue and profitability for the firms (Keh and Teo, 2001).…”

Customer involvement and perceptions: The moderating role of customer co-production

“…Customer involvement and perceptions of service quality Involvement is defined as a subjective psychological state that reflects the importance and personal relevance of a product or service to a customer (Zaichkowsky, 1985) and explains consumer behavior. Past research suggested that customer involvement affects the level of brand loyalty (Knox et al, 1994), brand discrimination (Zaichkowsky, 1985), product selection, and purchase decisions (Mittal, 1989;Smith and Carsky, 1996). For example, Arora (1995) studied the relationships between price, customer involvement, service quality, and intentions to switch for telephone services and automobile insurance.…”