Measuring and modeling the variation in species-specific transpiration in temperate deciduous hardwoods

Bowden, Joseph D.; Bauerle, William L.

doi:10.1093/treephys/28.11.1675

Cited by 47 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…We measured 11 field-and container-grown tree species (Acer buergeranum Miq., Acer rubrum L., Betula nigra, Gleditsia triacanthos, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Paulownia elongata, Paulownia fortunei, Prunus serrulata Lindl. 'Kwanzan', Prunus × yedoensis Matsum., Quercus nuttallii, Quercus phellos) (33,34) and one Freeman Acer rubrum cultivar (Autumn Blaze) over five growing seasons under nonresource limiting nursery conditions (34). Measured leaves were from continuously flushing, fully exposed, upper branches of 2.5-to 12-yold saplings; leaf age was therefore similar across the growing season.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoperiodic regulation of the seasonal pattern of photosynthetic capacity and the implications for carbon cycling

Bauerle

Oren²,

Way³

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

271

214

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Although temperature is an important driver of seasonal changes in photosynthetic physiology, photoperiod also regulates leaf activity. Climate change will extend growing seasons if temperature cues predominate, but photoperiod-controlled species will show limited responsiveness to warming. We show that photoperiod explains more seasonal variation in photosynthetic activity across 23 tree species than temperature. Although leaves remain green, photosynthetic capacity peaks just after summer solstice and declines with decreasing photoperiod, before air temperatures peak. In support of these findings, saplings grown at constant temperature but exposed to an extended photoperiod maintained high photosynthetic capacity, but photosynthetic activity declined in saplings experiencing a naturally shortening photoperiod; leaves remained equally green in both treatments. Incorporating a photoperiodic correction of photosynthetic physiology into a global-scale terrestrial carbon-cycle model significantly improves predictions of seasonal atmospheric CO 2 cycling, demonstrating the benefit of such a function in coupled climate system models. Accounting for photoperiod-induced seasonality in photosynthetic parameters reduces modeled global gross primary production 2.5% (∼4 PgC y −1 ), resulting in a >3% (∼2 PgC y −1 ) decrease of net primary production. Such a correction is also needed in models estimating current carbon uptake based on remotely sensed greenness. Photoperiod-associated declines in photosynthetic capacity could limit autumn carbon gain in forests, even if warming delays leaf senescence.day length | gross primary productivity | carbon sequestration | leaf area index | evapotranspiration W arming over the past 50 y has lengthened temperate growing seasons by 3.6 d per decade (1, 2). Longer growing seasons may increase net ecosystem productivity (2, 3), but increased spring carbon uptake has been accompanied by reduced autumn carbon uptake (2, 4). In extratropical ecosystems, where spring temperature is a major control on bud break, increased carbon sink strength has been linked to warmer April and May temperatures (3, 4), although drought can offset the increase in carbon uptake (5). The autumn switch from being a carbon sink to a carbon source in these ecosystems has been attributed to higher autumn temperatures, which are assumed to maintain high photosynthetic rates but even higher respiration rates (6). However, it is well known that leaf phenology responds to photoperiod, as well as temperature (7). Seasonal fluctuations in photosynthetic parameters are often modeled with temperature (8). However, photosynthetic physiology has also been shown to respond to photoperiod in controlled studies; instituting a short-day treatment in the fall, but maintaining high summer growth temperatures, inhibited the photosynthetic capacity of Pinus banksiana seedlings (9, 10). Seasonal measurements of photosynthetic capacity in trees under naturally changing photoperiod and air temperature signals are needed to ascertain whe...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoperiodic regulation of the seasonal pattern of photosynthetic capacity and the implications for carbon cycling

Bauerle

Oren²,

Way³

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

271

214

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“…While g 0 has commonly been assumed to be close to zero with little effect on water fluxes (Caird et al 2007;Zeppel et al 2010), recent studies have shown that g 0 could be higher than previously expected in many ecosystems (Ogle et al 2012) and that its value could change seasonally (Barnard and Bauerle 2013). In a recent study using MAESTRA, it was shown that g 0 had a large effect on TR (Bowden and Bauerle 2008). Stomatal conductance is driven by g 0 or g 1 depending on the assimilation ( (A) Sensitivity of the metamodel to parameters using the Sobol index, (B) time series of daily simulated tree transpiration and sap flow measurements from 1.5 to 2.5 years after planting, and (C) mean percentage error, with standard deviation, between simulated and measured tree TR depending on the time scale.…”

Section: Parameters Set Constant Across the Standmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Previous sensitivity analyses of the tree-scale MAESTRA model generally investigated local sensitivity and did not take the natural variability of the parameters into account (Bowden and Bauerle 2008) or were limited to a small number of physiological parameters (e.g., Bauerle and Bowden 2011). Some recent studies have shown the limitations of such local approaches in which the sensitivities of carbon and water fluxes to physiological parameters were strongly influenced by atmospheric CO 2 concentration or meteorological conditions such as light or temperature (Bauerle et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity and uncertainty analysis of the carbon and water fluxes at the tree scale inEucalyptusplantations using a metamodeling approach

et al. 2016

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Understanding the consequences of changes in climatic and biological drivers on tree carbon and water fluxes is essential in forestry. Using a metamodeling approach, sensitivity and uncertainty analyses were carried out for a tree-scale model (MAESPA) to isolate the effects of climate, morphological and physiological traits, and intertree competition on the absorption of photosynthetically active radiation (APAR), gross primary production (GPP), transpiration (TR), light use efficiency (LUE), and water use efficiency (WUE) in clonal Eucalyptus plantations. The metamodel predicting daily TR was validated using one year of sap flow measurements and showed close agreement with the measurements (mean percentage error = 11%, n = 2155). Simulations showed that APAR, GPP, and TR were very sensitive to the tree morphology and to a competition index representing its local environment. LUE and WUE were, in addition, very sensitive to the natural variability of the physiological leaf and root parameters. A maximum percentage error of 10% in these parameters leads to 18%, 17%, 16%, 9%, and 18% uncertainty for APAR, GPP, TR, LUE, and WUE, respectively. The uncertainties in TR were highest for the smallest trees. This study highlighted the need to take account of the spatial and temporal variability of tree traits and environmental conditions for simulations at the tree scale.

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“…In addition, it has also been recognised that transpiration often varies amongst species (Oren and Pataki, 2001;Ewers et al, 2002;Bowden and Bauerle, 2008) and up-scaling to forest transpiration in species-rich indigenous forests is complex.…”

Section: A D Clulow Et Al: Extending Periodic Eddy Covariance Latementioning

confidence: 99%

Extending periodic eddy covariance latent heat fluxes through tree sap-flow measurements to estimate long-term total evaporation in a peat swamp forest

Clulow

Everson

Mengistu

et al. 2015

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract.A combination of measurement and modelling was used to find a pragmatic solution to estimate the annual total evaporation from the rare and indigenous Nkazana Peat Swamp Forest (PSF) on the east coast of Southern Africa to improve the water balance estimates within the area. Actual total evaporation (ET a ) was measured during three window periods (between 7 and 9 days each) using an eddy covariance (EC) system on a telescopic mast above the forest canopy. Sap flows of an understory tree and an emergent tree were measured using a low-maintenance heat pulse velocity system for an entire hydrological year (October 2009 to September 2010). An empirical model was derived, describing the relationship between ET a from the Nkazana PSF and sap-flow measurements. These overlapped during two of the window periods (R 2 = 0.92 and 0.90), providing hourly estimates of ET a from the Nkazana PSF for a year, totalling 1125 mm (while rainfall was 650 mm). In building the empirical model, it was found that to include the understory tree sap flow provided no benefit to the model performance. In addition, the relationship between the emergent tree sap flow with ET a between the two field campaigns was consistent and could be represented by a single empirical model (R 2 = 0.90; RMSE = 0.08 mm h −1 ). During the window periods of EC measurement, no single meteorological variable was found to describe the Nkazana PSF ET a satisfactorily. However, in terms of evaporation models, the hourly FAO Penman-Monteith reference evap-

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Measuring and modeling the variation in species-specific transpiration in temperate deciduous hardwoods

Cited by 47 publications

References 32 publications

Photoperiodic regulation of the seasonal pattern of photosynthetic capacity and the implications for carbon cycling

Photoperiodic regulation of the seasonal pattern of photosynthetic capacity and the implications for carbon cycling

Sensitivity and uncertainty analysis of the carbon and water fluxes at the tree scale inEucalyptusplantations using a metamodeling approach

Extending periodic eddy covariance latent heat fluxes through tree sap-flow measurements to estimate long-term total evaporation in a peat swamp forest

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