Measurements of Plasma-Generated Hydroxyl and Hydrogen Peroxide Concentrations for Plasma Medicine Applications

This study is designed to investigate the effect of low temperature plasma (LTP) on the apoptosis of CNE‐2Z cell (human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line) and the potential mechanisms. We find out that LTP provoked the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in CNE‐2Z cells and significantly inhibit the cell viability and induce cell apoptosis. Furthermore, the antioxidant N‐acetyl cysteine (NAC) almost completely blocked LTP‐induced apoptosis. LTP triggered mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress‐induced apoptotic pathways indicated by significant upregulation of CHOP, p53, and Bax‐to‐Bcl‐2 ratio. This work will provide the molecular theoretical basis of clinical application of LTP for the treatment of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

“…Concentration of O 3 , H 2 O 2 ,

{N O}_{2}^{-}

, and

{N O}_{3}^{-}

in cell culture medium significantly increased after 10, 40 and 80 s LTP treatments, immediately. Then, the concentration of O 3 , H 2 O 2 , and

{N O}_{2}^{-}

decreased slowly within subsequent 24 h. The concentration of

{N O}_{3}^{-}

remained stable in the following 12 h and then increased from 12 to 24 h, which might be related to the fact that in the presence of

{N O}_{2}^{-}

, H 2 O 2 react with

{N O}_{2}^{-}

to produce

{N O}_{3}^{-}

. The accumulation of ROS and RNS in CNE‐2Z cells by LTP treatment were consistent with the previous studies .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Low temperature plasma induced apoptosis in CNE‐2Z cells through endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction pathways

Wang

Gao

et al. 2017

“…The concentration of H 2 O 2 and NO 2  and O 3 decreased slowly within subsequent 12 h. The concentration of NO 3  remains stable in the following 6 h and increased between 6 and 12 h after plasma treatment. The increase of NO 3  might be related to the fact that in the presence of NO 2 , H 2 O 2 react with NO 2  to produce NO 3  …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cause of this decrease can also be related to the reaction of nitrite and hydrogen peroxide. Peroxynitrite is long lived and may be also interact with the cells to induce apoptosis …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of hydrogen peroxide to non‐thermal atmospheric pressure plasma induced A549 lung cancer cell damage

Zhang

Cheng

et al. 2016

Non‐thermal plasma (NTP) can induce cancer cell death which is supposed to be mediated by oxidative stress. In this work, the contribution of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in NTP induced lung cancer cell damage is quantitatively studied. Our results also show signification production of H2O2 in plasma activated medium (PAM). NTP treatment induce critical raising of cell death, apoptosis, and DNA double‐strand breaks (DSBs) in A549 cell. NTP treatment also cause mitochondrial dysfunction and intracellular ROS production in A549 cells. Furthermore, catalase efficiently protect cells from NTP induced A549 cell damage. This work clarified the contribution of H2O2 to plasma induced cancer cell damage.

“…There are several factors in low temperature plasma that are responsible for biomedical impacts on a treated organism such as reactive species, UV radiation, and charged particles; however, it has been shown that ROS and RNS (reactive nitrogen species) perform the major role among other factors in the biomedical effects of LTP . Interactions of plasma with liquid media through the process of PAM preparation results in diffusion/dissolution of ROS in the treated medium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal evaluation of the anti‐tumor efficiency of plasma‐activated media

Mohades

Barekzi

Razavi

et al. 2016

Self Cite

Plasma‐activated media (PAM) can be as effective as direct plasma treatment in killing cancer cells. PAM is produced by exposing liquid cell culture media to low temperature plasma. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in the aqueous state play key role in the anti‐tumor effects of PAM. The effectiveness of PAM is highly dependent upon the dose of reactive species. The concentrations of reactive species and consequently the effectiveness of PAM decreases over time after plasma exposure. In this paper, the effect of PAM on the viability of SCaBER cells, originally obtained from a bladder squamous cell carcinoma, is shown and its efficiency at different aging times is evaluated. To investigate the selective effect of plasma on normal epithelial cells, MDCK (Madin‐Darby Canine Kidney) cells from normal epithelial tissue of a dog kidney were treated by PAM. The concentrations of hydrogen peroxide at different times after plasma exposure were measured. Our findings indicate that there is a correlation between PAM efficiency and H2O2 concentration, as both decrease over time.