Measurements of NO<sub>Y</sub> species and O<sub>3</sub> at 82° N latitude

Bottenheim, J. W.; Gallant, Allan G.; Brice, Kenneth A.

doi:10.1029/gl013i002p00113

Cited by 289 publications

(198 citation statements)

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“…15 and Table 5. The data on ozone and oxides of nitrogen have been discussed in terms of their importance for the global nitrogen cycle by Bottenheim et al (1986) and are repeated here to explore their relationship in the context of the Arctic haze phenomenon. To that end, the ratio of their daily average concentration to the total period mean concentration as a function of time was calculated and these data are plotted in Fig.…”

Section: Pan/no 2 /O 3 /Hydrocarbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A level of ca 30-40 ppb would be expected in view of earlier observations (Gregory et al, 1984) but the stratospheric influence should manifest itself as an increase in ozone over such apparent background levels, rather than as a decrease, which was observed here. In a preliminary communication (Bottenheim et al, 1986), it was suggested that the decrease in ozone during 12-14 March might be due to surface dry deposition loss. The most puzzling aspect remains the significant decrease in ozone concentration at the end of the study period when anthropogenic paniculate matter increased.…”

Section: Pan/no 2 /O 3 /Hydrocarbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An experimental investigation of Arctic haze at Alert, N.W.T., March 1985

et al. 1988

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Section: Pan/no 2 /O 3 /Hydrocarbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pan/no 2 /O 3 /Hydrocarbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An experimental investigation of Arctic haze at Alert, N.W.T., March 1985

et al. 1988

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“…Similarly, ozone depletion events (ODEs) in the polar boundary layer, arising after sunrise, were discovered in the 1980s (1,2,3). These events were found to be related to high concentrations of filterable bromine.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation of halogen species in the Amundsen Gulf, Arctic, by active long-path differential optical absorption spectroscopy

Pöhler

Vogel

Frieß

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

117

136

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In the polar tropospheric boundary layer, reactive halogen species (RHS) are responsible for ozone depletion as well as the oxidation of elemental mercury and dimethyl sulphide. After polar sunrise, air masses enriched in reactive bromine cover areas of several million square kilometers. Still, the source and release mechanisms of halogens are not completely understood. We report measurements of halogen oxides performed in the Amundsen Gulf, Arctic, during spring 2008. Active long-path differential optical absorption spectroscopy (LP-DOAS) measurements were set up offshore, several kilometers from the coast, directly on the sea ice, which was never done before. High bromine oxide concentrations were detected frequently during sunlight hours with a characteristic daily cycle showing morning and evening maxima and a minimum at noon. The, so far, highest observed average mixing ratio in the polar boundary layer of 41 pmol/mol (equal to pptv) was detected. Only short sea ice contact is required to release high amounts of bromine. An observed linear decrease of maximum bromine oxide levels with ambient temperature during sunlight, between −24°C and −15°C, provides indications on the conditions required for the emission of RHS. In addition, the data indicate the presence of reactive chlorine in the Arctic boundary layer. In contrast to Antarctica, iodine oxide was not detected above a detection limit of 0.3 pmol/mol.halogen chemistry | ozone depletion | bromine explosion | polar | DOAS T he depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer due to reactive halogen species is well known. Similarly, ozone depletion events (ODEs) in the polar boundary layer, arising after sunrise, were discovered in the 1980s (1, 2, 3). These events were found to be related to high concentrations of filterable bromine. It was therefore proposed that ozone could be destroyed by catalytic reaction cycles involving bromine atoms (Br) and bromine monoxide (BrO) (4).The initial reaction is the release of Br 2 from the liquid to the gas phase and the photolysis to Br, which will lead to a quick oxidation to BrO by destroying an ozone molecule. Note that there is always some production of Br atoms from the photochemical degradation of CH 3 Br, which is ubiquitous in the atmosphere. Bromine atoms are recycled from BrO by different processes. The most important recycling is the BrO self-reaction (R 2·BrO ) with the total rate constant k 2·BrO ¼ 3.2 × 10 −12 cm 3 molec −1 s −1 (5) producing Br atoms or Br 2 . During daylight, Br 2 is again photolyzed to Br, thus all channels of R 2·BrO lead to a net loss of O 3 . Overall, reactive bromine (Br and BrO) acts as a catalyst for ozone destruction. An autocatalytic release of bromine from the sea salt surface ice, the so-called "bromine explosion" (6), supplies sufficient bromine to the gas phase. A simplified overview on bromine release mechanisms and ozone destruction cycles is given in Fig. 1 (for a recent review see 7).The key role of bromine was first confirmed by long-path differential optical absorption ...

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“…[2] The importance of halogen chemistry for the tropospheric ozone budget is known since the investigation of sudden ozone depletion in the polar boundary layer (BL) after polar sunrise [Oltmanns and Komhyr, 1986;Bottenheim et al, 1986]. Barrie et al [1988] reported high filterable bromine concentrations during these events, suggesting that Br species are involved in the destruction of ozone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MAX‐DOAS measurements of BrO and NO₂ in the marine boundary layer

Leser

Hönninger

Platt

2003

Geophysical Research Letters

153

171

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During a cruise of the German research vessel Polarstern from Bremerhaven, Germany to Capetown, South Africa in October 2000 mid latitude tropospheric bromine oxide (BrO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) abundances were investigated by ground‐based MAX‐DOAS (scattered light Multi Axis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy). By comparing the slant column densities of absorbers measured at different elevation angles above the horizon (5° to 90°) it is possible to draw conclusions regarding the vertical distribution of the investigated absorbers (i.e., BrO and NO2). During a period of 2 days in the region north of the Canary Islands (around 35°N, 13°W) significant boundary layer BrO in the 1 ppt range was found. For the remaining time all data points ranged below the detection limit. Boundary layer NO2 was found near Europe and the Canary Islands with mixing ratios in the range of several ppb. In the remote marine air south west of Africa upper limits were derived.

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Measurements of NO_Y species and O₃ at 82° N latitude

Cited by 289 publications

References 14 publications

An experimental investigation of Arctic haze at Alert, N.W.T., March 1985

An experimental investigation of Arctic haze at Alert, N.W.T., March 1985

Observation of halogen species in the Amundsen Gulf, Arctic, by active long-path differential optical absorption spectroscopy

MAX‐DOAS measurements of BrO and NO₂ in the marine boundary layer

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Measurements of NOY species and O3 at 82° N latitude

Cited by 289 publications

References 14 publications

An experimental investigation of Arctic haze at Alert, N.W.T., March 1985

An experimental investigation of Arctic haze at Alert, N.W.T., March 1985

Observation of halogen species in the Amundsen Gulf, Arctic, by active long-path differential optical absorption spectroscopy

MAX‐DOAS measurements of BrO and NO2 in the marine boundary layer

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Measurements of NO_Y species and O₃ at 82° N latitude

MAX‐DOAS measurements of BrO and NO₂ in the marine boundary layer