An experimental investigation of Arctic haze at Alert, N.W.T., March 1985

Trivett, N. B. A.; Barrie, Leonard A.; Bottenheim, J. W.; Blanchet, Jean‐Pierre; Hartog, G. Den; Hoff, R. M.; Mickle, R. E.

doi:10.1080/07055900.1988.9649308

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…For sulphuric acid aerosols, these are 30% and 40%, respectively (Trivett et al, 1988). The total residence time in the intake line between inlet and laser is about 10 seconds.…”

Section: Aerosol Physical Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…This instrument, herein referred to as the ASASP probe, measures particles in 30 logarithmieally-weighted size classes in this range. This probe was also used in an earlier spring haze study and is described in Trivett et al {1988).…”

Section: Aerosol Physical Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Measurements of PAN and ozone were made using identical equipment and procedures as during our 1985 study (Trivett et al, 1988), that is gas chromatography and UV absorption, respectively. NO 2 was determined using a new instrument based on the chemiluminescence reaction between MOp and luminol (Scintrex, Model LMA-3).…”

Section: Measurements Of Pan No 2 and 03mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In April 1985, an intensive ground level study was mounted at Alert, Canada (82.5 N,62.3 W) in which, among other results, it was found that air pollution was abnormally low compared to other years and that peroxyacetylnitrate (PAN) was the prime end-product of the oxidation of NO~ (Trivett et al, 1988; In April I~86, a second ~nternational study w~s ~ounted (AGASP-2) involving ground based measurements at Alert Canada and at Barrow on the north slope of Alaska as well as three aircraft . This paper reports on a sub-set of the Canadian activities involving ground level observations of aerosols, oxides of sulphur and nitrogen and products of their oxidation in the atmosphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anthropogenic aerosols and gases in the lower troposphere at Alert Canada in April 1986

et al. 1989

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During April 1986, as part of an international arctic air chemistry study (AGASP-2), ground level observations of aerosol trace elements, oxides of sulphur and nitrogen and particle number size distribution were made at Alert Canada (82.5N, 62.3W).Pollution haze was evident as indicated by daily aerosol number (size > ~.15 mm diameter) an~ SOL = concentrations in the range 125 -260 cm-and ].6 -4.5 ~g m -~, respectively.Haze and associated acidic gases tended to increase throughout the period. SO and peroxyacetylnitrate (PAN) mixing ratios were in the range 14~ -480 and 370 -590 ppt(v), respectively.About 88% of the total end-product nitrogen was in the form of PAN.In air dried to 2% relative humidity by warming to room temperature, the aerosol mass size distribution had a major mode at 0.3 um diameter and a minor one at 2.5 ~m. Aerosol mass below 1.5 ~m was • : ÷ well correlated wlth SOa , K and PAN. There was a steady increase in the oxidized fraction of total airborne sulphur and nitrogen oxide throughout April as the sun rose above the horizon and remained above. The mean oxidation r~te of SO^ between Eurasia and Alert was estimated as 0.25 -0.5% h-. The molar ratio of total nitrogen oxide to total sulphur oxide in the arctic atmosphere {0.67 + O.17) was comparable to that in European emissions. A remarkably strong inverse correlation of filterable Br and O2 led to the conclusion that OR destruction and filterable Br ~roduction below the Arctic surface radiation inversion is associated with tropospheric photochemical reactions involving naturally occurring gaseous bromine compounds.

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“…For sulphuric acid aerosols, these are 30% and 40%, respectively (Trivett et al, 1988). The total residence time in the intake line between inlet and laser is about 10 seconds.…”

Section: Aerosol Physical Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Aerosol Physical Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurements Of Pan No 2 and 03mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anthropogenic aerosols and gases in the lower troposphere at Alert Canada in April 1986

et al. 1989

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“…Clouds in general play a major role in the radiative transfer (Curry et al, 1996). Aerosols, on the other hand, have a small impact on scattering and visibility (Hoff, 1988;Trivett et al, 1988;Leaitch et al, 1989), but may promote dehydration and so play a key role in the radiative exchange nonetheless (Blanchet and Girard, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical properties of High Arctic tropospheric particles during winter

et al. 2009

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Abstract. A climatology of particle scattering properties in the wintertime High Arctic troposphere, including vertical distributions and effective radii, is presented. The measurements were obtained using a lidar and cloud radar located at Eureka, Nunavut Territory (80 • N, 86 • W). Four different particle groupings are considered: boundary-layer ice crystals, ice clouds, mixed-phase clouds, and aerosols. Twodimensional histograms of occurrence probabilities against depolarization, radar/lidar colour ratio and height are given. Colour ratios are related to particle minimum dimensions (i.e., widths rather than lengths) using a Mie scattering model. Ice cloud crystals have effective radii spanning 25-220 µm, with larger particles observed at lower altitudes. Topographic blowing snow residuals in the boundary layer have the smallest crystals at 15-70 µm. Mixed-phase clouds have water droplets and ice crystal precipitation in the 5-40 µm and 40-220 µm ranges, respectively. Ice cloud crystals have depolarization decreasing with height. The depolarization trend is associated with the large ice crystal sub-population. Small crystals depolarize more than large ones in ice clouds at a given altitude, and show constant modal depolarization with height. Ice clouds in the mid-troposphere are sometimes observed to precipitate to the ground. Water clouds are constrained to the lower troposphere (0.5-3.5 km altitude). Aerosols are most abundant near the ground and are frequently mixed with the other particle types. The data are used to construct a classification chart for particle scattering in wintertime Arctic conditions.

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Occurrence and characteristics of lower tropospheric ice crystals in the arctic

Curry

Meyer

Radke

et al. 1990

Intl Journal of Climatology

108

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This paper discusses the occurrence and characteristics of small ice crystals that are encountered in the lower troposphere of the Arctic during the cold half of the year, when large reductions in visibility are present. Because of the difficulties in observing these ice crystals, both from surface and satellite observations, and owing to the ambiguities of cloud classification in the polar regions, these ice crystals are not included in current cloud climatologies. A summary is presented of what is known about the Arctic ice crystal climatology, formation mechanisms, and physical properties. Data obtained from the University of Washington Convair C-131A research aircraft during April 1983 and 1986 are presented, including the frequency,of occurrence of ice crystals as a function of height, temperature, and relative humidity. Radiative transfer calculations were made using the observed ice crystal size distributions. The radiative transfer through the ice crystal layers is inferred to have a substantial impact on visibility in the Arctic, the vertical temperature structure of the Arctic troposphere, and on the surface energy balance.

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An experimental investigation of Arctic haze at Alert, N.W.T., March 1985

Cited by 25 publications

References 24 publications

Anthropogenic aerosols and gases in the lower troposphere at Alert Canada in April 1986

Anthropogenic aerosols and gases in the lower troposphere at Alert Canada in April 1986

Physical properties of High Arctic tropospheric particles during winter

Occurrence and characteristics of lower tropospheric ice crystals in the arctic

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