Measurement of urinary estriol glucuronides during the menstrual cycle by high-performance liquid chromatography

Direct determination of estriol 3‐ and 16‐glucuronides in pregnancy urine by column‐switching liquid chromatography with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry

“…Various direct radioimmunoassay methods (Dipietro, 1976;Lehtinen and Adlercreutz, 1977;Sugar et al, 1977), chemiluminescence assays (Kohen et al, 1980;Barnard et al, 1981) and many high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) methods with ultraviolet absorbance (Schöneshöfer et al, 1986), electrochemical (Schimada et al, 1982) and fluorescence (Andreolini et al, 1985;Caccamo et al, 1988;Tiel et al, 1989;Iwata et al, 1997) detection have been developed for monitoring of E3 glucuronides in biological fluid. Recently, a liquid chromatography/mass spectrometric method (Zhang and Henion, 1999;de Alda and Barceló, 2000) for the estimation of E3 metabolites in native urine was described.…”

Direct determination of estriol conjugates in amniotic fluid by capillary electrophoresis with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry

“…2 Estriol and its conjugates are generally measured and have been widely investigated for monitoring of fetal function. [3][4][5][6] Those studies indicate that measurement of the estriol conjugates may be more useful than conventional measurement of unconjugated estriol or total estriol in clinical studies. The concentration of estriol conjugates could be used as an indicator to define the start and finish of the probable fertile period.…”

“…The concentration of estriol conjugates could be used as an indicator to define the start and finish of the probable fertile period. 3 It was also measured in the study of pruritus gravidarum. 4 A low level of estriol conjugates in plasma has been reported to be associated with delayed progression of parturition.…”