Measurement of Turnout in Dance Research: A Critical Review

Champion, Lowry M.; Chatfield, Steven J.

doi:10.1177/1089313x0801200402

Cited by 37 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The turnout angle for the functional turnout position was at which each participant could make a turnout without floor friction. Referring to a previous study, the participants were instructed to create a maximum hip joint external rotation in a supine position with an extended hip and knee joint 25 . The physical therapist as an examiner measured the angle between the second toes on each side with respect to the center of the heels of their feet using a goniometer.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The vertical mobility of the first tarsometatarsal joint during demi-plié with forced turnout in ballet dancers

Ishihara,

Maeda,

Komiya

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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The forced turnout has a perceived risk of development of hallux valgus (HV) in ballet dancers. We determined how the forced turnout affects the sagittal mobility of the first tarsometatarsal (TMT) joint, which is one of the pathogenic factors of HV development. Seventeen female ballet dancers (body mass index: 18.2 ± 1.8 kg/m2) were included and performed demi-plié in control, functional turnout, and forced turnout conditions. Ultrasound imaging synchronized with a three-dimensional motion analysis system was used for measuring the vertical locations of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform (MC) to evaluate the first TMT joint mobility. Plantar displacement of MC and the first TMT joint mobility in the forced turnout were the greatest among the 3 conditions. Multiple regression analysis indicated that the greater extent of the forcing angle might increase the displacement of MC and the first TMT joint mobility. Evaluating the sagittal mobility of the first TMT joint in the forced turnout can assist in understanding the association between inappropriate techniques including the forced turnout and HV development in ballet dancers. Since the excessive mobility of the first TMT joint is a factor in HV development, the acquirement of adequate active turnout may have the potential to prevent HV development in ballet dancers.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The vertical mobility of the first tarsometatarsal joint during demi-plié with forced turnout in ballet dancers

Ishihara,

Maeda,

Komiya

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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“…28 It has been suggested that 50% to 70% of turnout should come from the hip in order to reduce excessive tibial torsion stress on the knee. 30,31 Percentiles for active standing turnout for all participants ranged between 121.1 and 131.0° across all groups. This is consistent with finding in other pre-professional ballet cohorts with an average active standing turnout of 123.4° and a little less than professional classical ballet dancers (133.0° ).…”

Section: Active Standing Turnoutmentioning

confidence: 97%

Pre-Season Screening Assessments: Normative Data for Pre-Professional Ballet Dancers

Critchley

Ferber

Pasanen

et al. 2023

Journal of Dance Medicine & Science

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Objectives: Pre-professional dance is high-risk, with injury incidence up to 4.7 injuries/1000 dance hours. Pre-season screening measures have been utilized to assess risk factors for dance-related injury, however normative values haven’t been established for a pre-professional ballet population. The purpose of this study was to establish normative values of ankle and hip joint range of motion (ROM), lumbopelvic control, and dynamic balance pre-season screening measures for pre-professional ballet dancers. Methods: 498 adolescent pre-professional ballet dancers [n = 219 junior division (194 female, 25 male; mean age: 12.9±0.9 year); n = 281 senior division (238 female, 41 male; mean age: 16.8±1.5 year)] participated in baseline screening tests across 5 seasons (2015-2019). Baseline measures took place at the beginning of each academic year: ankle ROM [dorsiflexion (deg); plantarflexion (PF) (deg)], total active turnout (TAT) (deg), lumbopelvic control [active straight leg raise (ASLR) (score); one leg standing test (OLS) (score)], and dynamic balance [unipedal balance (sec); Y-Balance Test (cm)]. Results: Percentiles for ankle dorsiflexion ranged from 28.2° (male senior division, 10th percentile) to 63.3° (female junior division, 100th percentile). For PF, percentiles ranged from 77.5 to 111.8° (male junior division, 10th percentile; male senior division, 100th percentile). Percentiles for TAT for all participants ranged between 121.1° and 131.0°. For the ASLR, the proportion of participants moving with compensation (pelvis shifting) was between 64.0% and 82.2%. For OLS, 19.7% to 56.1% of dancers had a positive score (hip hiking). Percentiles for dynamic balance ranged from 3.5 to 17.1 seconds (unipedal dynamic balance) and 75.8 to 103.3 cm (YBT composite reach score) across all groups. Conclusion: The establishment of normative values of pre-season screening measures among a pre-professional ballet population can be used to determine areas to target during training, recognize individuals with possible injury risk, and inform return to dance protocols following injury. Comparison with other dancer/athletic populations will also provide insight into the performance of dancers and identify areas in need of improvement.

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“…The turnout angle for the functional turnout position was at which each participant could make a turnout without oor friction. Referring to a previous study, the participants were instructed to create a maximum hip joint external rotation in a supine position with an extended hip and knee joint [27]. The physical therapist as an examiner measured the angle between the second toes on each side with respect to the center of the heels of their feet using a goniometer.…”

Section: Experimental Tasksmentioning

confidence: 99%

The vertical mobility of the first tarsometatarsal joint during demi-plié with forced turnout in ballet dancers

Ishihara,

Maeda,

Komiya

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The forced turnout has a perceived risk of the development of hallux valgus (HV) in ballet dancers. We determined how the forced turnout affects the sagittal mobility of the first tarsometatarsal (TMT) joint, which is one of the pathogenic factors of HV development. Seventeen female ballet dancers were included and performed demi-plié in three conditions; control, functional turnout, and forced turnout. Ultrasound imaging synchronized with a three-dimensional motion analysis system was used for measuring the vertical locations of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform (MC) to evaluate the first TMT joint mobility. Plantar displacement of MC and the first TMT joint mobility in the forced turnout was the greatest among the 3 conditions. Multiple regression analysis showed that the extent of the forcing angle was associated with the displacement of MC and the first TMT joint mobility. Evaluating the sagittal mobility of the first TMT joint in the forced turnout can assist in understanding the association between inappropriate techniques including the forced turnout and HV development in ballet dancers. Since the excessive mobility of the first TMT joint is one of the factors of HV development, the acquirement of adequate active turnout may have the potential to prevent HV development in ballet dancers.

show abstract

Measurement of Turnout in Dance Research: A Critical Review

Cited by 37 publications

References 45 publications

The vertical mobility of the first tarsometatarsal joint during demi-plié with forced turnout in ballet dancers

The vertical mobility of the first tarsometatarsal joint during demi-plié with forced turnout in ballet dancers

Pre-Season Screening Assessments: Normative Data for Pre-Professional Ballet Dancers

The vertical mobility of the first tarsometatarsal joint during demi-plié with forced turnout in ballet dancers

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