Measurement of tritium in tree rings: Isolation of α-cellulose from wood chips using explosive depressurization

Yamada, Y.; Itoh, M.; Kiriyama, Noriki; Nishimoto, C.; Komura, K.; Ueno, K.

doi:10.1007/bf02037710

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Several workers have also noted increases in crystallinity of lignocellulosic biomass materials upon treatment with alkali,' steam,22 or steam and acid chlorite. 28 Our data indicate that crystallinity of pure celluloses may increase even under extremely mild conditions (e.g., simple wetting at room temperature), and that this effect is more dramatic for materials of lower crystallinity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Effects of chemical treatments and heating on the crystallinity of celluloses and their implications for evaluating the effect of crystallinity on cellulose biodegradation

Weimer

Hackney

French

1995

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Chemical treatments similar to those routinely used to extract cellulose from plant biomass caused significant increases in the relative crystallinity index (RCI) of Sig-macell 100 (a commercial cellulose of moderate crystallinity), as measured by x-ray powder diffraction in both the reflectance and transmittance modes. In general, the largest increases in RCI were observed following higher (rather than lower) temperature treatments. Substantial increases in crystalliity were also observed upon resuspension in water prior to drying, with higher temperatures again resulting in the greatest increases in RCI. Measurement of the RCIs of wetted Sigmacell 100 samples by acid hydrolysis kinetics revealed that most of the increased crystallinity occurred rapidly upon contact with water. In contrast to Sigmacell 100, a cellulose of higher initial crystallinity (the microcrystalline cellulose Sigmacell 50) showed little change in crystallinity following the above treatments. The results provide a partial explanation for the inconsistent relationships reported between cellulose crystallinity and cellulose biodegradation. (c) 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Effects of chemical treatments and heating on the crystallinity of celluloses and their implications for evaluating the effect of crystallinity on cellulose biodegradation

Weimer

Hackney

French

1995

Biotech & Bioengineering

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“…Soil water tritium is derived from washout of tritiated vapour in air. Measurements of OBT in «mal tree rings will reveal the historical environmental tritium levels and hence make it possible to evaluate the local effect of tritium discharge from nuclear facilities by comparing the tree rings OBT tevels in the general environment with those near the facilities [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An improved method for the determination of low-level non-exchangeable organically bound tritium in biological samples

et al. 2002

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In this paper, the authors present a sensitive method for low level non-exchangeable OBT determination by a combination of a suitable sample treatment, a combustion apparatus for large sized samples and low background liquid scintillation spectrometry, along with a methodology that eliminates any possibility of sample contaminations. Great care must be taken in the measurement of non-exchangeable OBT at environment levels, because many authors have mentioned the opportunities for cross contaminations between samples and contamination by exchange with the laboratory atmosphere. Our analysis are reproducible for low level OBT down to about 1 Bq.kg" 1 of dry material for various biological samples (tree wood, tree leaves, fishes, sediments, mushrooms, seaweeds, wheats, corns, ...) collected in the general environment and near nuclear facilities. As an example, we give the results of non-exchangeable OBT measurements in annual growth rings from two trees sampled near a nuclear facility.

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Measurement of tritium in tree rings: Relationship between tritium concentrations in pine tree rings and environmental samples

Yamada

Itoh

Kiriyama

et al. 1989

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, Articles

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Measurement of tritium in tree rings: Isolation of α-cellulose from wood chips using explosive depressurization

Cited by 12 publications

References 6 publications

Effects of chemical treatments and heating on the crystallinity of celluloses and their implications for evaluating the effect of crystallinity on cellulose biodegradation

Effects of chemical treatments and heating on the crystallinity of celluloses and their implications for evaluating the effect of crystallinity on cellulose biodegradation

An improved method for the determination of low-level non-exchangeable organically bound tritium in biological samples

Measurement of tritium in tree rings: Relationship between tritium concentrations in pine tree rings and environmental samples

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