Measurement of the On-Road Turbulence Environment Experienced by Heavy Duty Vehicles

McAuliffe, Brian; Belluz, Leanna; Belzile, Marc

doi:10.4271/2014-01-2451

Cited by 39 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The literature mainly focusses on drag reduction at zero degree yaw and with low turbulence onset flows, which neglects a number of potentially significant on-road effects [16][17][18][19]. However, Englar et al [11] and Englar [12] present work on streamlined bodies as well as heavy goods vehicles at a large range of yaw angles using jets of air at various locations close to, or around, the rear of the geometry to control all of the force and moment coefficients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric Study of Asymmetric Side Tapering in Constant Cross Wind Conditions

Varney¹,

Passmore²,

Gaylard³

2018

SAE Int. J. Passeng. Cars - Mech. Syst.

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Sports Utility Vehicles (SUVs) often have blunt rear end geometries for design and practicality, which is not typically aerodynamic. Drag can be reduced with a number of passive and active methods, which are generally prioritised at zero yaw, which is not entirely representative of the "on road" environment. As such, to combine a visually square geometry (at rest) with optimal drag reductions at non-zero yaw, an adaptive system that applies vertical side edge tapers independently is tested statically. A parametric study has been undertaken in Loughborough University's Large Wind Tunnel with the ¼ scale Windsor Model. The aerodynamic effect of implementing asymmetric side tapering has been assessed for a range of yaw angles (∘ , ±. ∘ , ± ∘ and ± ∘) on the force and moment coefficients. This adaptive system reduced drag at every non-zero yaw angle tested, from the simplest geometry (full body taper without wheels) to the most complex geometry (upper body taper with wheels) with varying levels of success; providing additional drag reductions from 3% to 125%. The system also shows potential to beneficially modify the cross wind stability of the geometry.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric Study of Asymmetric Side Tapering in Constant Cross Wind Conditions

Varney¹,

Passmore²,

Gaylard³

2018

SAE Int. J. Passeng. Cars - Mech. Syst.

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“…In the presence of other vehicles on the road, turbulence intensity levels of 5-15% are observed as typical average values in on-road measurements, consistent with the amplitude of turbulent wake fluctuations produced by a single vehicle in wind-tunnel measurements. 12 Owing to interest in the effect of unsteady flow conditions on the aerodynamic performance of a vehicle, a number of passive and active systems in wind tunnels have been developed [3][4][5][6] which are designed to simulate the unsteady conditions that are experienced on the road. 4,10 These systems were reviewed in 2011 by Sims-Williams, 13 who assessed the scales of unsteadiness that were possible to simulate against that measured in the natural wind.…”

Section: Wind-tunnel Systems For Generating Turbulencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 Owing to interest in the effect of unsteady flow conditions on the aerodynamic performance of a vehicle, a number of passive and active systems in wind tunnels have been developed [3][4][5][6] which are designed to simulate the unsteady conditions that are experienced on the road. 4,10 These systems were reviewed in 2011 by Sims-Williams, 13 who assessed the scales of unsteadiness that were possible to simulate against that measured in the natural wind. It was found that passive grids were unable to produce turbulence practically at the most important scales for studies of unsteady conditions, with active turbulence generation systems best suited to the simulation of these scales.…”

Section: Wind-tunnel Systems For Generating Turbulencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects of unsteady wind conditions have been explored by other researchers using on-road coastdown tests 1,2 and wind-tunnel tests [3][4][5][6] using flow forced by oscillating vanes or passive devices in the wind tunnel and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. [7][8][9] In this paper, the effects of realistic unsteady wind conditions on the drag coefficient of a vehicle are shown in aerodynamic simulations using the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vehicle aerodynamics impact of on-road turbulence

Duncan¹,

D’Alessio²,

Gargoloff³

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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The ultimate target for vehicle aerodynamicists is to develop vehicles that perform well on the road in real-world conditions. On the other hand, vehicle development today is performed mostly in controlled settings, using wind tunnels and computational fluid dynamics with artificially uniform freestream conditions and neglecting real-world effects due to road turbulence from the wind and other vehicles. Turbulence on the road creates a non-uniform and fluctuating flow field in which the length scales of the fluctuations fully encompass the length scales of the relevant aerodynamic flow structures around the vehicle. These fluctuations can be comparable in size and strength with the vehicle’s own wake oscillations. As a result, this flow environment can have a significant impact on the aerodynamic forces and on the sensitivity of these forces to various shape changes. Some aerodynamic devices and integral design features can perform quite differently from the way in which they do under uniform freestream conditions. In this paper, unsteady aerodynamics simulations are performed using the lattice Boltzmann method on a detailed representative automobile model with several design variants, in order to explore the effect of on-road turbulence on the aerodynamics and the various mechanisms that contribute to these effects.

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“…Chen et al adopted a test truck as a full-size moving “sensor” to obtain wind data at the typical height ( 12 ). McAuliffe et al used a sport utility vehicle outfitted with an array of four fast-response pressure probes that could be arranged in vertical or horizontal rake configurations to measure the wind experienced on the road ( 13 ). These existing studies involve a mobile mapping technique with limited analysis of the effect of the surrounding terrain.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Wind Data Collection and Analysis of Topographical Features along a Highway for Traffic Safety Assessment Based on Mobile Mapping Technology

Chen

et al. 2018

Transportation Research Record

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Strong crosswind is one of the main factors that may cause traffic collisions. Because the wind velocity is influenced by the roadside environment and surrounding terrain, its distribution varies in both the temporal and spatial domains. Therefore, locations with a high probability of strong crosswind should be identified and safety measures should be implemented at these sites. However, geographical data of continuous winds along a highway cannot easily be obtained using existing technology. This prompted the development of a method for geo-location positioning and terrain analysis with elevation data in ArcGIS in combination with mobile mapping technology. The method was applied in a field test conducted on three different highways in China to identify places at which stronger crosswinds occur. The results showed that the proposed method can successfully obtain site-specific wind and crosswind velocity data. It was found that strong winds along the tested highways usually occur at a saddleback or at the border of a riverbank and river, whereas crosswinds are relatively stronger in sections connecting a bridge and tunnel, a bridgehead, or a cross-sea bridge. This information will be useful for future highway projects and traffic safety assessment.

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Measurement of the On-Road Turbulence Environment Experienced by Heavy Duty Vehicles

Cited by 39 publications

References 8 publications

Parametric Study of Asymmetric Side Tapering in Constant Cross Wind Conditions

Parametric Study of Asymmetric Side Tapering in Constant Cross Wind Conditions

Vehicle aerodynamics impact of on-road turbulence

Wind Data Collection and Analysis of Topographical Features along a Highway for Traffic Safety Assessment Based on Mobile Mapping Technology

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