Measurement of stress and arousal: Validation of the stress/arousal adjective checklist

One pathway through which stressors are thought to influence physiology is through their effects on emotion. We used metaanalytic statistical techniques with data from nine studies to test the effects of acute laboratory stressors ( speech, star mirror-image tracing, hand grip) on emotional (undifferentiated negative emotion, angel; anxiety) and cardiovascular (CV) response. In all of the studies, participants responded to stressors with both increased CV response and increased negative emotion. Increases in negative emotion were associated with increases in CV response across tasks, howevel; these associations were small. The range of variance accounted for was between 2% and 12%. Thus, the contribution of negative emotion, as assessed in these studies, to physiological responses to acute laboratory stressors was limited. Although these results raise questions about the role of emotion in mediating stress-elicited physiological responses, the nature of the acute laboratory stress paradigm may contribute to the lack of a strong association.

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“…Checklist (SACL) (18), which is comprised of two subscales, the stress and arousal sub scales (see Table 1). We used the stress subscale (e.g.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative emotions and acute physiological responses to stress

Feldman¹,

Cohen²,

Lepore³

et al. 1999

ann. behav. med.

146

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“…We used the Stress/Arousal Adjective Checklist (SACL; King, Burrows, & Stanley, 1983) to examine the psychological impact of the Holocaust presentation. The SACL comprises two 10-item subscales: Perceived Stress (e.g., uneasy, distressed; a = .89) and Perceived Arousal (e.g., alert, aroused; a = .73).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Talking facilitates cognitive–emotional processes of adaptation to an acute stressor.

Lepore¹,

Ragan²,

Jones³

2000

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

270

228

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The authors examined the influence of talking and the social context of talking on cognitive-emotional processes of adjustment to stressors. Two hundred fifty-six undergraduates viewed a stressful stimulus and were then assigned to a no-talk control condition or 1 of 3 talk conditions: talk alone, talk to a validating confederate, or talk to an invalidating confederate. Two days later, they were reexposed to the stressor. Compared with individuals in the no-talk condition, those in the talk alone and validate conditions had a lower level of intrusive thoughts in the 2-day interim, and they had lower perceived stress when reexposed to the stressor. The effects of talking and validation on perceived stress appeared to be mediated by lowered intrusions. The benefits of talking were diluted when disclosures were invalidated. These findings suggest that talking about acute stressors can facilitate adjustment to stressors through cognitive resolution.A timely utterance gave that thought relief, and I again am strong ---William Wordsworth, "Ode: Intimations of Immortality from Recollections of Early Childhood" Poets, laypersons, and psychologists alike believe that there are benefits of talking about negative emotional experiences. There is a strong tendency for people to talk about aversive events (Rime, 1995), and disclosure of stressful experiences is the cornerstone of many psychotherapeutic interventions (Stiles, 1995). Empirical evidence suggests that "opening up" and expressing stress-related thoughts and feelings is associated with improved physical and mental health (

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“…En cuanto a la validez de la EPRA-R, Martínez-Soto y Montero 43 documentaron en un estudio previo evidencias de validez discriminante 44 y concurrente (mediante el empleo de una escala de estrés y activación). 45 Subprueba de Retención de Dígitos en Orden Inverso. 46 Se usó para evaluar la dimensión cognitiva de la RP en función de los cambios en la atención dirigida.…”

Section: Instrumentos Y Medicionesunclassified

Restauración psicológica y naturaleza urbana: algunas implicaciones para la salud mental

2014

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SUMMARYTopics relating to mental health promotion systematically lack research that documents the importance of physical environment qualities in the development of public health policies. At the present time, several emerging research lines regarding restorative environments (RE) and psychological restoration (PR) may contribute to the conceptual and operational definition of relevant environmental qualities promoting mental health. PR relates to the recovery of people´s cognitive resources and psychophysiological responses when exposed to environments with restorative qualities. The present study documents the application of an ecological social model regarding the impact of urban nature on PR in a housing context. We posed the objective to document possible restoration effects of variables related to Urban Nature-UN (for example, views of nature from housing windows, indoor plants and gardens, proximity to outdoor green areas) and Psychological Transaction Processes with the Environment -PTRAPE (activities in nature and perception of environmental restoration of housing) on emotional and cognitive indicators of PR. To achieve this goal, we carried out a study with 120 individual home interviews (mean age of 45.73 years, 63 men and 57 women) in the metropolitan area of Mexico City. The structural equations model showed that UN has both direct and indirect effects on emotional and cognitive dimension of PR. This theoretical, conceptual, and methodological approach provides a conceptual platform to carry out innovative research with relevant empirical implications for mental health promotion. Key words:Restorative environments, public health, stress, environmental perception. RESUMENEn las temáticas de promoción de salud mental existe una carencia sistemática de investigaciones que documenten la importancia de las cualidades del ambiente físico en el desarrollo de políticas públicas de salud. Actualmente existen varias líneas emergentes de investigación sobre ambientes restauradores (AR) y restauración psicológica (RP) que pueden contribuir a la definición conceptual y operativa de las cualidades del ambiente que pueden ser relevantes para promover la salud mental. La RP se relaciona con la recuperación de los recursos cognitivos y de la capacidad de respuesta psicofisiológica que experimentan las personas ante la exposición a ambientes con cualidades restauradoras. En el presente estudio se documenta la aplicación de un modelo ecológico social del impacto de la naturaleza urbana en la RP considerando un contexto de vivienda. Se planteó como objetivo documentar los posibles efectos restauradores de variables relacionadas con la presencia de Naturaleza Urbana-NU (e.g. vistas de naturaleza en las ventanas de las viviendas, plantas y jardines interiores, proximidad de áreas verdes exteriores), Procesos Psicológicos de Transacción con el Medio Ambiente -PPTRAMA (actividades con la naturaleza y percepción de restauración ambiental de la vivienda) sobre indicadores emotivos y cognitivos de la RP. Para conseguir tal ob...

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Measurement of stress and arousal: Validation of the stress/arousal adjective checklist

Cited by 125 publications

References 5 publications

Negative emotions and acute physiological responses to stress

Negative emotions and acute physiological responses to stress

Talking facilitates cognitive–emotional processes of adaptation to an acute stressor.

Restauración psicológica y naturaleza urbana: algunas implicaciones para la salud mental

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