Measurement of skin stretch using digital image speckle correlation

Staloff, Isabelle Afriat; Rafailovitch, Miriam

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0846.2008.00294.x

Cited by 28 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…As previously mentioned, regions on the foot sole with greater skin hardness are less sensitive than softer regions ( Strzalkowski et al, 2015a ). Changes in hardness due to skin stretch may therefore be in part responsible for changes in cutaneous sensitivity as these mechanical properties can impact deformation in response to indentation ( Takei et al, 2004 ; Staloff and Rafailovitch, 2008 ), altering the ability to transmit forces and activate cutaneous mechanoreceptors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous Sensitivity Across Regions of the Foot Sole and Dorsum are Influenced by Foot Posture

Smith

Yokich

Beaudette

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Understanding the processing of tactile information is crucial for the development of biofeedback interventions that target cutaneous mechanoreceptors. Mechanics of the skin have been shown to influence cutaneous tactile sensitivity. It has been established that foot skin mechanics are altered due to foot posture, but whether these changes affect cutaneous sensitivity are unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential effect of posture-mediated skin deformation about the ankle joint on perceptual measures of foot skin sensitivity. Participants (N = 20) underwent perceptual skin sensitivity testing on either the foot sole (N = 10) or dorsum (N = 10) with the foot positioned in maximal dorsiflexion/toe extension, maximal plantarflexion/toe flexion, and a neutral foot posture. Perceptual tests included touch sensitivity, stretch sensitivity, and spatial acuity. Regional differences in touch sensitivity were found across the foot sole (p < 0.001) and dorsum (p < 0.001). Touch sensitivity also significantly increased in postures where the skin was compressed (p = 0.001). Regional differences in spatial acuity were found on the foot sole (p = 0.002) but not dorsum (p = 0.666). Spatial acuity was not significantly altered by posture across the foot sole and dorsum, other than an increase in sensitivity at the medial arch in the dorsiflexion posture (p = 0.006). Posture*site interactions were found for stretch sensitivity on the foot sole and dorsum in both the transverse and longitudinal directions (p < 0.005). Stretch sensitivity increased in postures where the skin was pre-stretched on both the foot sole and dorsum. Changes in sensitivity across locations and postures were believed to occur due to concurrent changes in skin mechanics, such as skin hardness and thickness, which follows our previous findings. Future cutaneous biofeedback interventions should be applied with an awareness of these changes in skin sensitivity, to maximize their effectiveness for foot sole and dorsum input.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous Sensitivity Across Regions of the Foot Sole and Dorsum are Influenced by Foot Posture

Smith

Yokich

Beaudette

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…Recently, DIC has increasingly become one of the important measuring methods of living human skin. Staloff et al [ 32 , 33 ] measured the deformation of the skin surface by two-dimensional DIC (2D-DIC). Nagisa et al [ 34 , 35 ] proposed a method to calculate the strain from three-dimensional displacements and measured the strain fields around the human eye during the blink by 3D-DIC.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Stereo Digital Image Correlation on Facial Expressions Sensing

Cheng,

Wang,

Wei

et al. 2024

Sensors

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Facial expression is an important way to reflect human emotions and it represents a dynamic deformation process. Analyzing facial movements is an effective means of understanding expressions. However, there is currently a lack of methods capable of analyzing the dynamic details of full-field deformation in expressions. In this paper, in order to enable effective dynamic analysis of expressions, a classic optical measuring method called stereo digital image correlation (stereo-DIC or 3D-DIC) is employed to analyze the deformation fields of facial expressions. The forming processes of six basic facial expressions of certain experimental subjects are analyzed through the displacement and strain fields calculated by 3D-DIC. The displacement fields of each expression exhibit strong consistency with the action units (AUs) defined by the classical Facial Action Coding System (FACS). Moreover, it is shown that the gradient of the displacement, i.e., the strain fields, offers special advantages in characterizing facial expressions due to their localized nature, effectively sensing the nuanced dynamics of facial movements. By processing extensive data, this study demonstrates two featured regions in six basic expressions, one where deformation begins and the other where deformation is most severe. Based on these two regions, the temporal evolutions of the six basic expressions are discussed. The presented investigations demonstrate the superior performance of 3D-DIC in the quantitative analysis of facial expressions. The proposed analytical strategy might have potential value in objectively characterizing human expressions based on quantitative measurement.

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“…Other than in vitro studies, the limited access of in vivo experimentation to the hypodermis has meant that elastographic techniques currently represent the majority of studies that address adipose tissue . Digital image correlation methods have been used to track the surface deformation of in vivo skin and other tissues . A subpixel accurate system has been developed for measuring heterogeneous two‐dimensional (2D) strain fields by Malcolm et al and applied in vivo by Kvistedal and Nielsen .…”

Section: Identifying Current Challenges In Skin Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational and experimental characterization of skin mechanics: identifying current challenges and future directions

Jor

Parker

Taberner

et al. 2013

WIREs Mechanisms of Disease

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The characterization of skin mechanics has many clinical implications and has been an active area of research for the past few decades. Biomechanical models have evolved from earlier empirical models to state-of-the-art structural models that provide linkage between tissue microstructure and macroscopic stress-strain response. To maximize the accuracy and predictive capabilities of such computational models, there is a need to reliably identify often a large number of unknown model parameters. This is critically dependent on the availability of experimental data that cover an extensive range of different deformation modes, and quantification of internal structural features, such as collagen orientation. To this end, future challenges should include the ongoing development of noninvasive instrumentation and imaging modalities for in vivo skin measurements. We highlight the important concept of tightly integrating computational models, instrumentation, and imaging modalities into a single platform to investigate skin biomechanics.

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Measurement of skin stretch using digital image speckle correlation

Cited by 28 publications

References 7 publications

Cutaneous Sensitivity Across Regions of the Foot Sole and Dorsum are Influenced by Foot Posture

Cutaneous Sensitivity Across Regions of the Foot Sole and Dorsum are Influenced by Foot Posture

Application of Stereo Digital Image Correlation on Facial Expressions Sensing

Computational and experimental characterization of skin mechanics: identifying current challenges and future directions

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