Measurement of shape and size distributions of PVC resin particles by scanning electron microscopy and image analysis

Mahmud, F.; Atiqullah, Muhammad; Jarrah, N.R.; Hussain, Ikram

doi:10.1016/0014-3057(92)90053-5

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Size and shape analysis of resin particles on PVC materials has been reported by Mahamud et al [9] using statistical methods on the data obtained from image processing on the corresponding SEM images. Sasov et al [10] proposed a method for quantitative analysis of polymer structures and polymer composites using image processing algorithms based on one-dimensional and two-dimensional Fourier transforms embedded in an image processing package. Bailly et al…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SEM image processing of polymer nanocomposites to estimate filler content

Kundu

Jana

et al. 2015

2015 IEEE International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Communication Technologies (ICECCT)

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To study the distribution of morphological structures like fillers (such as silica nanoparticles) and their agglomerates in polymer nanocomposites, image processing technique on 2D scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image of the polymer nanocomposites was used. A suitable algorithm was proposed to determine the threshold for binarization of the SEM image. The algorithm also gave an estimate of filler percentage in the nanocomposites. With the help of an independent experiment using Thermogravimetry Analyzer (TGA), the silica (filler) contents of the nanocomposites were estimated. The results obtained using image processing technique were in good agreement with the experimental results obtained through thermogravimetry analysis. The binary images thus definitely depicted the acceptable distribution of the nano-fillers and their agglomerates in the nanocomposites.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SEM image processing of polymer nanocomposites to estimate filler content

Kundu

Jana

et al. 2015

2015 IEEE International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Communication Technologies (ICECCT)

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“…A solvent-free process is economical but the resin morphology influences the packing density, particulate flow behaviour and polymer processability. 1 The literature reveals 2,3 several outstanding problems in heterogeneous metallocene catalysis and the associated slurry olefin polymerization. Heterogenized metallocenes show a drastic decrease in catalytic activity and the catalyst precursors leach off the support.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

XPS investigation of the electronic environment in selected heterogenized zirconocene catalysts

Atiqullah

Faiz

Akhtar

et al. 1999

Surf. Interface Anal.

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Ethylbisindenyl zirconium dichloride (Et(Ind)2ZrCl2) and the MAO methylalumoxane (MAO) co‐catalyst were heterogenized on Davision silica 955 partially dehydroxylated at 275 °C, following the concept of equilibrium adsorption. The influence of MAO on the electronic environment resulting from the heterogenization was investigated using XPS. Heterogenization of Et(Ind)2ZrCl2 and MAO on the above silica generated two types of zirconocenium cations (Cation 1 and Cation 2), independent of the heterogenization methods. Based on the postulated surface chemistry, Cation 1 is presumed to be in the form of an ion‐pair [SiO]−[Et(Ind)2ZrCl]+, whereas Cation 2 is presumed to be a trapped multi‐coordinated crown complex of MAO. In the absence of MAO, only Cation 1 is formed. The present study provides some support for the postulated surface chemistry regarding heterogenization of Et(Ind)2ZrCl2 and MAO on silica. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…115 The original grain structure and skin were destroyed. [116][117] 115 At the same time, precipitated polymer had much higher absorption of plasticizer due to its substantially smaller bulk density and more developed structure.…”

Section: Suspension Polymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

PVC Morphology

Wypych¹

2015

PVC Degradation and Stabilization

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Measurement of shape and size distributions of PVC resin particles by scanning electron microscopy and image analysis

Cited by 16 publications

References 15 publications

SEM image processing of polymer nanocomposites to estimate filler content

SEM image processing of polymer nanocomposites to estimate filler content

XPS investigation of the electronic environment in selected heterogenized zirconocene catalysts

PVC Morphology

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